dyncall: doc/manual/callconvs/callconv

annotate doc/manual/callconvs/callconv_x86.tex @ 472:e5820b7a3fbc

doc: - some more plan 9 disas examples - x86 callconv doc updated: * mainly info about aggregate passing and returning * removing section about pascal calling convention, as dyncall doesn't support 16bit abis - some cleanups

author	Tassilo Philipp
date	Thu, 10 Feb 2022 17:32:05 +0100
parents	b47168dacba6
children	17287342e273

rev	line source
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	1 %//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	2 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	3 % Copyright (c) 2007-2019 Daniel Adler <dadler@uni-goettingen.de>,
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	4 % Tassilo Philipp <tphilipp@potion-studios.com>
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	5 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	6 % Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	7 % purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	8 % copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	9 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	10 % THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	11 % WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	12 % MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	13 % ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	14 % WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	15 % ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	16 % OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	17 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	18 %//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	19
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	20 % ==================================================
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	21 % x86
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	22 % ==================================================
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	23 \subsection{x86 Calling Conventions}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	24
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	25
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	26 \paragraph{Overview}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	27
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	28 On this processor, a word is defined to be 16 bits in size, a dword 32 bits
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	29 and a qword 64 bits.\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	30
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	31 There are numerous different calling conventions on the x86 processor
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	32 architecture, like cdecl \cite{x86cdecl}, MS fastcall \cite{x86Winfastcall}, GNU
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	33 fastcall \cite{x86GNUfastcall}, Borland fastcall \cite{x86Borlandfastcall}, Watcom
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	34 fastcall \cite{x86Watcomfastcall}, Win32 stdcall \cite{x86Winstdcall}, MS thiscall
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	35 \cite{x86Winthiscall}, GNU thiscall \cite{x86GNUthiscall}, the pascal calling
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	36 convention \cite{x86Pascal} and a cdecl-like version for Plan9 \cite{x86Plan9}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	37 (dubbed plan9call by us), etc.\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	38
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	39 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	40 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{rccccc}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	41 & \# of regs & \# regs to & & cleanup & 64bit args \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	42 Name & for params & \# preserve & push order & by & via regs? \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	43 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	44 cdecl & 0 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & caller & - \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	45 MS fastcall & 2 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & callee & Y \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	46 GNU fastcall & 2 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & callee & N \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	47 Borland fastcall & 3 & 4 & $\rightarrow$ & callee & N \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	48 Watcom fastcall & 4 & 2-6 & $\leftarrow$ & callee & N \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	49 win32 stdcall & 0 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & callee & - \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	50 MS thiscall & 1 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & callee & N \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	51 GNU thiscall & 0 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & caller & - \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	52 pascal & 0 & 4 & $\rightarrow$ & callee & - \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	53 plan9call & 0 & 0 & $\leftarrow$ & caller & - \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	54 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	55 \caption{short x86 calling convention comparison}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	56 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	57
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	58
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	59 \paragraph{\product{dyncall} support}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	60
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	61 Currently cdecl, stdcall, fastcall (MS and GNU), thiscall (MS and GNU) and
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	62 plan9call are supported.\\
340 6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	63 \product{Dyncall} can also be used to issue syscalls on Linux and *BSD by using
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	64 the syscall number as target parameter and selecting the correct mode.
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	65
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	66
467 b47168dacba6 manual: Tassilo Philipp parents: 345 diff changeset	67 \clearpage
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	68
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	69
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	70 \subsubsection{cdecl}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	71
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	72 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	73
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	74 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	75 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	76 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	77 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	78 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	79 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	80 {\bf ecx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	81 {\bf edx} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	82 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	83 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	84 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	85 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	86 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	87 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	88 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	89 \caption{Register usage on x86 cdecl calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	90 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	91
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	92
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	93 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	94
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	95 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	96 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	97 \item caller cleans up the stack
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	98 \item all arguments are pushed onto the stack (as dwords)
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	99 \item arguments \textgreater\ 64 bits are pushed as a sequence of dwords
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	100 \item aggregates (structs, unions) are pushed as a sequence of dwords
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	101 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	102
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	103 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	104
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	105 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	106 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	107 \item integers and aggregates (structs, unions) \textgreater\ 32 and \textless=\ 64 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	108 \item return values \textgreater\ 64 bits (e.g. aggregates) are returned by the caller allocating the space and
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	109 passing a pointer to the callee as a new, implicit first parameter (this means, on the stack)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	110 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register (except on Minix, where they are returned as integers are)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	111 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	112
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	113
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	114 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	115
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	116 % verified/amended: TP nov 2019 (see also doc/disas_examples/x86.cdecl.disas)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	117 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	118
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	119 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	120 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	121 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	122 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	123 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	124 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	125 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	126 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	127 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg n-1 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	128 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	129 & arg 0 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	130 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	131 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	132 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	133 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	134 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	135 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	136 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	137 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	138 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	139 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	140 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	141 \caption{Stack layout on x86 cdecl calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	142 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	143
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	144
467 b47168dacba6 manual: Tassilo Philipp parents: 345 diff changeset	145 \clearpage
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	146
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	147
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	148 \subsubsection{MS fastcall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	149
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	150 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	151
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	152 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	153 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	154 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	155 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	156 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	157 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	158 {\bf ecx} & scratch, parameter 0\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	159 {\bf edx} & scratch, parameter 1, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	160 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	161 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	162 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	163 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	164 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	165 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	166 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	167 \caption{Register usage on x86 fastcall (MS) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	168 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	169
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	170 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	171
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	172 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	173 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	174 \item called function cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	175 \item first two integers/pointers (\textless=\ 32bit) are passed via ecx and edx (even if preceded by other arguments)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	176 \item if first argument is a 64 bit integer, it is passed via ecx and edx
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	177 \item all other parameters are pushed onto the stack (as dwords)
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	178 \item arguments \textgreater\ 64 bits are pushed as a sequence of dwords
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	179 \item aggregates (structs, unions) are pushed as a sequence of dwords, but are never split between registers and stack (if registers are still available and
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	180 aggregate doesn't fit entirely into ecx and edx, it is passed via the stack and remaining registers are free for subsequent arguments)
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	181 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	182
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	183 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	184
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	185 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	186 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	187 \item integers and aggregates (structs, unions) \textgreater\ 32 and \textless=\ 64 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	188 \item return values \textgreater\ 64 bits (e.g. aggregates) are returned by the caller allocating the space and
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	189 passing a pointer to the callee as a new, implicit first parameter (always via the stack, never via a register)
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	190 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	191 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	192
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	193
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	194 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	195
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	196 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	197
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	198 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	199 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	200 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	201 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	202 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	203 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	204 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	205 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	206 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & last arg & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	207 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	208 & first arg passed via stack & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	209 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	210 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	211 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	212 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	213 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	214 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	215 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	216 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	217 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	218 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	219 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	220 \caption{Stack layout on x86 fastcall (MS) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	221 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	222
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	223
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	224 \pagebreak
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	225
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	226 \subsubsection{GNU fastcall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	227
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	228 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	229
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	230 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	231 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	232 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	233 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	234 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	235 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	236 {\bf ecx} & scratch, parameter 0\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	237 {\bf edx} & scratch, parameter 1, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	238 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	239 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	240 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	241 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	242 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	243 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	244 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	245 \caption{Register usage on x86 fastcall (GNU) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	246 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	247
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	248 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	249
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	250 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	251 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	252 \item called function cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	253 \item first two integers/pointers (\textless=\ 32bit) are passed via ecx and edx (even if preceded by other arguments)
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	254 \item arguments \textgreater\ 32 bits are pushed onto the stack as a sequence of dwords (never passed via registers, any respective register is skipped and not used for subsequent args)
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	255 \item all other parameters are pushed onto the stack (as dwords)
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	256 \item aggregates (structs, unions) are pushed as a sequence of dwords, and never passed via registers (no matter their size, any respective register is skipped and not used for subsequent args)
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	257 \item varargs are always passed via the stack
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	258 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	259
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	260
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	261 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	262
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	263 \begin{itemize}
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	264 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	265 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 and \textless=\ 64 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	266 \item aggregates (structs, unions) of any size are returned by the caller allocating the space and
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	267 passing a pointer to the callee as a new, implicit first parameter (always via ecx), that same pointer is returned in eax
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	268 \item floating point types are returned via the st0
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	269 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	270
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	271
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	272 \pagebreak
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	273
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	274 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	275
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	276 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	277
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	278 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	279 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	280 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	281 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	282 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	283 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	284 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	285 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	286 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & last arg & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	287 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	288 & first arg passed via stack & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	289 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	290 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	291 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	292 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	293 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	294 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	295 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	296 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	297 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	298 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	299 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	300 \caption{Stack layout on x86 fastcall (GNU) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	301 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	302
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	303
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	304 \subsubsection{Borland fastcall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	305
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	306 Also called {\bf register convention} by Borland.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	307
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	308
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	309 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	310
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	311 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	312 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	313 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	314 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	315 {\bf eax} & scratch, parameter 0, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	316 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	317 {\bf ecx} & scratch, parameter 2\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	318 {\bf edx} & scratch, parameter 1, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	319 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	320 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	321 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	322 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	323 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	324 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	325 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	326 \caption{Register usage on x86 fastcall (Borland) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	327 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	328
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	329 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	330
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	331 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	332 \item stack parameter order: left-to-right
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	333 \item called function cleans up the stack
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	334 \item first three integers/pointers (with exception of method pointers) (\textless=\ 32bit) are passed via eax, ecx and edx (preceding or interleaved arguments that are not passed via registers are pushed onto the stack)
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	335 \item arguments \textgreater\ 32 bits are passed as a pointer to the value
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	336 \item aggregates (structs, unions) are pushed as a sequence of dwords, and never passed via registers (no matter their size)
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	337 \item varargs are always passed via the stack
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	338 \item all other parameters are pushed onto the stack
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	339 \item the direction flag is clear on entry and must be returned clear % mention it first, above @@@
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	340 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	341
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	342
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	343 \pagebreak
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	344
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	345 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	346
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	347 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	348 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	349 \item integers and aggregates (structs, unions) \textgreater\ 32 and \textless=\ 64 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	350 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	351 \item return values \textgreater\ 32 bits (e.g. aggregates, long long, ...) are returned by the caller allocating the space and
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	352 passing a pointer to the callee as a new, implicit {\bf last} parameter
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	353 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	354
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	355
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	356
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	357 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	358
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	359 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	360
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	361 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	362 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	363 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	364 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	365 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	366 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	367 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	368 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	369 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & first arg passed via stack & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	370 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	371 & last arg & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	372 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	373 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	374 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	375 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	376 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	377 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	378 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	379 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	380 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	381 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	382 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	383 \caption{Stack layout on x86 fastcall (Borland) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	384 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	385
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	386
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	387 \subsubsection{Watcom fastcall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	388
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	389
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	390 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	391
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	392 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	393 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	394 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	395 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	396 {\bf eax} & scratch, parameter 0, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	397 {\bf ebx} & scratch when used for parameter, otherwise preserve, parameter 2\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	398 {\bf ecx} & scratch when used for parameter, otherwise preserve, parameter 3\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	399 {\bf edx} & scratch when used for parameter, otherwise preserve, parameter 1, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	400 {\bf esi} & scratch when used for return pointer, otherwise preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	401 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	402 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	403 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	404 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	405 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	406 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	407 \caption{Register usage on x86 fastcall (Watcom) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	408 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	409
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	410 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	411
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	412 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	413 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	414 \item called function cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	415 \item first four integers/pointers (\textless=\ 32bit) are passed via eax, edx, ebx and ecx (even if preceded by other arguments)
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	416 \item arguments \textgreater\ 32 bits, as well as all subsequent arguments, are passed via the stack
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	417 \item aggregates (structs, unions) are passed as a pointer to the aggregate
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	418 \item all other parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	419 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	420
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	421
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	422 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	423
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	424 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	425 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	426 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits and \textless=\ 64 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	427 \item aggregates (structs, unions) \textless=\ 32 bits are returned in eax
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	428 \item aggregates (structs, unions) \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned by the caller allocating the space and
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	429 passing a pointer to the callee via esi, that same pointer is returned in eax
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	430 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	431
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	432
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	433 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	434
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	435 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	436
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	437 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	438 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	439 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	440 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	441 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	442 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	443 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	444 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	445 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & last arg & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	446 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	447 & first arg passed via stack & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	448 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	449 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	450 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	451 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	452 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	453 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	454 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	455 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	456 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	457 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	458 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	459 \caption{Stack layout on x86 fastcall (Watcom) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	460 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	461
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	462
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	463
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	464 \subsubsection{win32 stdcall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	465
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	466 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	467
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	468 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	469 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	470 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	471 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	472 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	473 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	474 {\bf ecx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	475 {\bf edx} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	476 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	477 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	478 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	479 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	480 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	481 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	482 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	483 \caption{Register usage on x86 stdcall calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	484 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	485
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	486 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	487
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	488 \begin{itemize}
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	489 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	490 \item called function cleans up the stack
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	491 \item all parameters are pushed onto the stack (as dwords)
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	492 \item arguments \textgreater\ 64 bits are pushed as a sequence of dwords
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	493 \item aggregates (structs, unions) are pushed as a sequence of dwords
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	494 \item stack is usually 4 byte aligned (GCC \textgreater=\ 3.x seems to use a 16byte alignement)
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	495 \item the direction flag is clear on entry and must be returned clear % mention it first, above @@@
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	496 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	497
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	498 % introduce mangling section? \item Function name is decorated by prepending an underscore character and appending a '@' character and the number of bytes of stack space required
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	499
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	500 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	501
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	502 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	503 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	504 \item integers and aggregates (structs, unions) \textgreater\ 32 and \textless=\ 64 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	505 \item return values \textgreater\ 64 bits (e.g. aggregates) are returned by the caller allocating the space and
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	506 passing a pointer to the callee as a new, implicit first parameter (this means, on the stack)
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	507 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	508 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	509
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	510
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	511 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	512
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	513 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	514
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	515 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	516 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	517 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	518 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	519 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	520 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	521 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	522 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	523 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg n-1 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	524 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	525 & arg 0 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	526 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	527 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	528 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	529 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	530 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	531 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	532 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	533 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	534 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	535 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	536 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	537 \caption{Stack layout on x86 stdcall calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	538 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	539
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	540 \subsubsection{MS thiscall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	541
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	542 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	543
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	544 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	545 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	546 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	547 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	548 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	549 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	550 {\bf ecx} & scratch, parameter 0\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	551 {\bf edx} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	552 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	553 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	554 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	555 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	556 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	557 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	558 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	559 \caption{Register usage on x86 thiscall (MS) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	560 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	561
467 b47168dacba6 manual: Tassilo Philipp parents: 345 diff changeset	562 \clearpage
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	563
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	564
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	565 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	566
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	567 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	568 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	569 \item called function cleans up the stack (except for variadic functions where the caller cleans up)
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	570 \item first parameter (this pointer) is passed via ecx
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	571 \item all other parameters are pushed onto the stack
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	572 \item arguments \textgreater\ 64 bits are pushed as a sequence of dwords
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	573 \item aggregates (structs, unions) are pushed as a sequence of dwords
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	574 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	575
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	576 % introduce mangling section? \item Function name is decorated by prepending a '@' character and appending a '@' character and the number of bytes (decimal) of stack space required
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	577
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	578 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	579
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	580 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	581 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	582 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits and \textless=\ 64 bits are returned via the eax and edx
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	583 \item aggregates (structs, unions) of any size are returned by the caller allocating the space and passing
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	584 a pointer to the callee as a new, implicit first parameter, that same pointer is returned in eax
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	585 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	586 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	587
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	588
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	589 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	590
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	591 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	592
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	593 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	594 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	595 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	596 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	597 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	598 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	599 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	600 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	601 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg n-1 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	602 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	603 & arg 1 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	604 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	605 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	606 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	607 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	608 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	609 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	610 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	611 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	612 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	613 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	614 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	615 \caption{Stack layout on x86 thiscall (MS) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	616 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	617
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	618
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	619
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	620 \subsubsection{GNU thiscall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	621
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	622 This is equivalent to the cdecl calling convention, with the first parameter being the this pointer.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	623
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	624 % \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	625 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	626 % \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	627 % \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	628 % Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	629 % \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	630 % {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	631 % {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	632 % {\bf ecx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	633 % {\bf edx} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	634 % {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	635 % {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	636 % {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	637 % {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	638 % {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	639 % {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	640 % \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	641 % \caption{Register usage on x86 thiscall (GNU) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	642 % \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	643 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	644 % \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	645 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	646 % \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	647 % \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	648 % \item caller cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	649 % \item all parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	650 % \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	651 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	652 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	653 % \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	654 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	655 % \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	656 % \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	657 % \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	658 % \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	659 % \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	660 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	661 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	662 % \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	663 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	664 % Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	665 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	666 % \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	667 % \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	668 % & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	669 % \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	670 % register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	671 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	672 % local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	673 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	674 % \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg n-1 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	675 % & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	676 % & arg 0 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	677 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	678 % & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	679 % \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	680 % register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	681 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	682 % local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	683 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	684 % parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	685 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	686 % & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	687 % \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	688 % \caption{Stack layout on x86 thiscall (GNU) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	689 % \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	690
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	691
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	692
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	693 \subsubsection{pascal}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	694
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	695 The best known uses of the pascal calling convention are the 16 bit OS/2 APIs, Microsoft Windows 3.x and Borland Delphi 1.x.
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	696 It is a variation of stdcall, however, arguments are passed from left-to-right.
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	697 Since this calling convention is for 16-bit APIs, it is not discussed in
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	698 further detail, here.
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	699
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	700
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	701
467 b47168dacba6 manual: Tassilo Philipp parents: 345 diff changeset	702 \clearpage
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	703
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	704 \subsubsection{plan9call}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	705
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	706 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	707
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	708 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	709 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	710 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	711 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	712 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	713 {\bf ebx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	714 {\bf ecx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	715 {\bf edx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	716 {\bf esi} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	717 {\bf edi} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	718 {\bf ebp} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	719 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	720 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	721 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	722 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	723 \caption{Register usage on x86 plan9call calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	724 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	725
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	726 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	727
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	728 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	729 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	730 \item caller cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	731 \item all parameters are pushed onto the stack
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	732 \item all parameters are pushed onto the stack (as dwords)
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	733 \item arguments \textgreater\ 64 bits are pushed as a sequence of dwords
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	734 \item aggregates (structs, unions) are pushed as a sequence of dwords
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	735 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	736
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	737 \pagebreak
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	738
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	739 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	740
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	741 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	742 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
472 e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	743 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits and aggregates (structs, unions) of any size are returned by the caller allocating
e5820b7a3fbc doc: Tassilo Philipp parents: 467 diff changeset	744 the space and passing a pointer to the callee as a new, implicit first parameter, that same pointer is returned in eax
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	745 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register (called F0 in plan9 8a's terms)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	746 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	747
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	748
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	749 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	750
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	751 % verified/amended: TP nov 2019 (see also doc/disas_examples/x86.plan9call.disas)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	752 Note there is no register save area at all. Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	753
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	754 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	755 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	756 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	757 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	758 local data & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{5}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	759 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	760 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg n-1 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	761 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	762 & arg 0 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	763 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	764 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	765 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	766 local data & & & \mrrbrace{3}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	767 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	768 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	769 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	770 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	771 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	772 \caption{Stack layout on x86 plan9call calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	773 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	774
340 6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	775
467 b47168dacba6 manual: Tassilo Philipp parents: 345 diff changeset	776 \clearpage
345 c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	777
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	778 \subsubsection{Linux syscalls}
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	779
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	780 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
340 6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	781
345 c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	782 \begin{itemize}
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	783 \item syscall is issued by triggering {\em interrupt 80h}
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	784 \item syscall number is set in eax
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	785 \item params are passed in the following registers in this order: ebx, ecx, edx, esi, edi, ebp
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	786 \item for more than six arguments, ebx points to the list of further arguments (not used in practice, as Linux syscalls use a maximum of 5 arguments)
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	787 \item register eax holds the return value
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	788 \end{itemize}
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	789
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	790 \subsubsection{*BSD syscalls}
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	791
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	792 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	793
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	794 \begin{itemize}
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	795 \item syscall is issued by triggering {\em interrupt 80h}
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	796 \item syscall number is set in eax
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	797 \item params are passed on the stack as with the cdecl calling convention
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	798 \end{itemize}
c607d67cd6b8 - doc: added syscall info to appendix, fixed broken literature link Tassilo Philipp parents: 340 diff changeset	799

Mercurial > pub > dyncall > dyncall

annotate doc/manual/callconvs/callconv_x86.tex @ 472:e5820b7a3fbc