dyncall: doc/manual/callconvs/callconv

annotate doc/manual/callconvs/callconv_x86.tex @ 340:6e33db95e724

- syscall infos in doc

author	Tassilo Philipp
date	Sat, 04 Jan 2020 22:48:51 +0100
parents	276eb8c87aa0
children	c607d67cd6b8

rev	line source
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	1 %//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	2 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	3 % Copyright (c) 2007-2019 Daniel Adler <dadler@uni-goettingen.de>,
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	4 % Tassilo Philipp <tphilipp@potion-studios.com>
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	5 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	6 % Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	7 % purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	8 % copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	9 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	10 % THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	11 % WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	12 % MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	13 % ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	14 % WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	15 % ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	16 % OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	17 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	18 %//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	19
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	20 % ==================================================
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	21 % x86
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	22 % ==================================================
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	23 \subsection{x86 Calling Conventions}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	24
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	25
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	26 \paragraph{Overview}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	27
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	28 On this processor, a word is defined to be 16 bits in size, a dword 32 bits
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	29 and a qword 64 bits.\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	30
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	31 There are numerous different calling conventions on the x86 processor
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	32 architecture, like cdecl \cite{x86cdecl}, MS fastcall \cite{x86Winfastcall}, GNU
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	33 fastcall \cite{x86GNUfastcall}, Borland fastcall \cite{x86Borlandfastcall}, Watcom
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	34 fastcall \cite{x86Watcomfastcall}, Win32 stdcall \cite{x86Winstdcall}, MS thiscall
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	35 \cite{x86Winthiscall}, GNU thiscall \cite{x86GNUthiscall}, the pascal calling
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	36 convention \cite{x86Pascal} and a cdecl-like version for Plan9 \cite{x86Plan9}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	37 (dubbed plan9call by us), etc.\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	38
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	39 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	40 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{rccccc}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	41 & \# of regs & \# regs to & & cleanup & 64bit args \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	42 Name & for params & \# preserve & push order & by & via regs? \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	43 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	44 cdecl & 0 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & caller & - \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	45 MS fastcall & 2 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & callee & Y \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	46 GNU fastcall & 2 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & callee & N \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	47 Borland fastcall & 3 & 4 & $\rightarrow$ & callee & N \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	48 Watcom fastcall & 4 & 2-6 & $\leftarrow$ & callee & N \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	49 win32 stdcall & 0 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & callee & - \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	50 MS thiscall & 1 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & callee & N \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	51 GNU thiscall & 0 & 4 & $\leftarrow$ & caller & - \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	52 pascal & 0 & 4 & $\rightarrow$ & callee & - \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	53 plan9call & 0 & 0 & $\leftarrow$ & caller & - \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	54 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	55 \caption{short x86 calling convention comparison}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	56 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	57
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	58
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	59 \paragraph{\product{dyncall} support}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	60
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	61 Currently cdecl, stdcall, fastcall (MS and GNU), thiscall (MS and GNU) and
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	62 plan9call are supported.\\
340 6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	63 \product{Dyncall} can also be used to issue syscalls on Linux and *BSD by using
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	64 the syscall number as target parameter and selecting the correct mode.
328 276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	65
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	66
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	67 \newpage
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	68
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	69
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	70 \subsubsection{cdecl}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	71
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	72 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	73
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	74 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	75 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	76 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	77 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	78 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	79 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	80 {\bf ecx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	81 {\bf edx} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	82 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	83 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	84 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	85 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	86 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	87 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	88 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	89 \caption{Register usage on x86 cdecl calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	90 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	91
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	92
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	93 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	94
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	95 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	96 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	97 \item caller cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	98 \item all arguments are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	99 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	100
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	101 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	102
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	103 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	104 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	105 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	106 \item return values \textgreater\ 64 bits (e.g. structures) are returned by the caller allocating the space and
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	107 passing a pointer to the callee as a new, implicit first parameter (this means, on the stack)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	108 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register (except on Minix, where they are returned as integers are)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	109 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	110
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	111
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	112 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	113
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	114 % verified/amended: TP nov 2019 (see also doc/disas_examples/x86.cdecl.disas)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	115 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	116
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	117 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	118 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	119 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	120 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	121 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	122 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	123 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	124 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	125 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg n-1 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	126 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	127 & arg 0 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	128 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	129 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	130 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	131 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	132 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	133 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	134 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	135 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	136 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	137 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	138 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	139 \caption{Stack layout on x86 cdecl calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	140 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	141
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	142
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	143 \newpage
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	144
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	145
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	146 \subsubsection{MS fastcall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	147
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	148 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	149
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	150 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	151 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	152 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	153 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	154 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	155 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	156 {\bf ecx} & scratch, parameter 0\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	157 {\bf edx} & scratch, parameter 1, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	158 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	159 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	160 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	161 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	162 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	163 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	164 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	165 \caption{Register usage on x86 fastcall (MS) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	166 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	167
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	168 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	169
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	170 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	171 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	172 \item called function cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	173 \item first two integers/pointers (\textless=\ 32bit) are passed via ecx and edx (even if preceded by other arguments)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	174 \item if first argument is a 64 bit integer, it is passed via ecx and edx
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	175 \item all other parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	176 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	177
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	178 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	179
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	180 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	181 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	182 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers@@@verify
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	183 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register@@@ really ?
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	184 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	185
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	186
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	187 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	188
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	189 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	190
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	191 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	192 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	193 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	194 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	195 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	196 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	197 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	198 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	199 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & last arg & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	200 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	201 & first arg passed via stack & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	202 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	203 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	204 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	205 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	206 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	207 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	208 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	209 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	210 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	211 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	212 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	213 \caption{Stack layout on x86 fastcall (MS) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	214 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	215
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	216
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	217 \pagebreak
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	218
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	219 \subsubsection{GNU fastcall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	220
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	221 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	222
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	223 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	224 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	225 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	226 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	227 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	228 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	229 {\bf ecx} & scratch, parameter 0\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	230 {\bf edx} & scratch, parameter 1, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	231 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	232 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	233 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	234 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	235 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	236 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	237 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	238 \caption{Register usage on x86 fastcall (GNU) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	239 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	240
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	241 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	242
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	243 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	244 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	245 \item called function cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	246 \item first two integers/pointers (\textless=\ 32bit) are passed via ecx and edx (even if preceded by other arguments)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	247 \item if first argument is a 64 bit integer, it is pushed on the stack and the two registers are skipped
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	248 \item all other parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	249 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	250
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	251
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	252 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	253
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	254 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	255 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	256 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	257 \item floating point types are returned via the st0.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	258 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	259
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	260
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	261 \pagebreak
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	262
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	263 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	264
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	265 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	266
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	267 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	268 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	269 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	270 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	271 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	272 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	273 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	274 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	275 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & last arg & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	276 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	277 & first arg passed via stack & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	278 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	279 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	280 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	281 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	282 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	283 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	284 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	285 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	286 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	287 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	288 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	289 \caption{Stack layout on x86 fastcall (GNU) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	290 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	291
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	292
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	293 \subsubsection{Borland fastcall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	294
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	295 Also called {\bf register convention} by Borland.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	296
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	297
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	298 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	299
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	300 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	301 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	302 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	303 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	304 {\bf eax} & scratch, parameter 0, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	305 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	306 {\bf ecx} & scratch, parameter 2\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	307 {\bf edx} & scratch, parameter 1, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	308 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	309 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	310 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	311 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	312 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	313 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	314 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	315 \caption{Register usage on x86 fastcall (Borland) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	316 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	317
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	318 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	319
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	320 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	321 \item stack parameter order: left-to-right
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	322 \item called function cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	323 \item first three integers/pointers (with exception of method pointers) (\textless=\ 32bit) are passed via eax, ecx and edx (even if preceded or interleaved by other arguments)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	324 \item all other parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	325 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	326
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	327
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	328 \pagebreak
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	329
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	330 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	331
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	332 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	333 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	334 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	335 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	336 \item all others (e.g. all structs, return values \textgreater\ 64 bits, ...) are returned by the caller allocating the space and
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	337 passing a pointer to the callee as a new, implicit first parameter
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	338 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	339
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	340
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	341
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	342 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	343
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	344 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	345
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	346 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	347 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	348 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	349 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	350 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	351 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	352 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	353 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	354 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & first arg passed via stack & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	355 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	356 & last arg & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	357 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	358 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	359 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	360 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	361 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	362 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	363 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	364 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	365 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	366 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	367 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	368 \caption{Stack layout on x86 fastcall (Borland) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	369 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	370
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	371
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	372 \subsubsection{Watcom fastcall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	373
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	374
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	375 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	376
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	377 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	378 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	379 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	380 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	381 {\bf eax} & scratch, parameter 0, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	382 {\bf ebx} & scratch when used for parameter, otherwise preserve, parameter 2\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	383 {\bf ecx} & scratch when used for parameter, otherwise preserve, parameter 3\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	384 {\bf edx} & scratch when used for parameter, otherwise preserve, parameter 1, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	385 {\bf esi} & scratch when used for return pointer, otherwise preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	386 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	387 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	388 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	389 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	390 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	391 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	392 \caption{Register usage on x86 fastcall (Watcom) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	393 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	394
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	395 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	396
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	397 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	398 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	399 \item called function cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	400 \item first four integers/pointers (\textless=\ 32bit) are passed via eax, edx, ebx and ecx (even if preceded by other arguments)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	401 \item arguments \textgreater 32 bits, as well as all subsequent arguments, are passed via the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	402 \item all other parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	403 \item varargs are always passed via the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	404 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	405
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	406
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	407 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	408
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	409 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	410 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	411 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers@@@ verify
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	412 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register@@@ really ?
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	413 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	414
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	415
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	416 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	417
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	418 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	419
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	420 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	421 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	422 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	423 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	424 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	425 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	426 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	427 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	428 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & last arg & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	429 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	430 & first arg passed via stack & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	431 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	432 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	433 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	434 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	435 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	436 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	437 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	438 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	439 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	440 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	441 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	442 \caption{Stack layout on x86 fastcall (Watcom) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	443 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	444
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	445
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	446
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	447 \subsubsection{win32 stdcall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	448
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	449 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	450
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	451 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	452 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	453 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	454 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	455 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	456 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	457 {\bf ecx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	458 {\bf edx} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	459 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	460 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	461 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	462 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	463 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	464 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	465 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	466 \caption{Register usage on x86 stdcall calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	467 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	468
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	469 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	470
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	471 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	472 \item Stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	473 \item Called function cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	474 \item All parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	475 \item Stack is usually 4 byte aligned (GCC \textgreater=\ 3.x seems to use a 16byte alignement)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	476 \item the direction flag is clear on entry and must be returned clear % mention it first, above @@@
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	477 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	478
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	479 % introduce mangling section? \item Function name is decorated by prepending an underscore character and appending a '@' character and the number of bytes of stack space required
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	480
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	481 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	482
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	483 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	484 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	485 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	486 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	487 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	488
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	489
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	490 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	491
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	492 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	493
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	494 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	495 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	496 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	497 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	498 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	499 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	500 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	501 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	502 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg n-1 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	503 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	504 & arg 0 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	505 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	506 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	507 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	508 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	509 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	510 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	511 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	512 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	513 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	514 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	515 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	516 \caption{Stack layout on x86 stdcall calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	517 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	518
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	519 \subsubsection{MS thiscall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	520
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	521 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	522
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	523 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	524 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	525 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	526 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	527 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	528 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	529 {\bf ecx} & scratch, parameter 0\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	530 {\bf edx} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	531 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	532 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	533 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	534 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	535 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	536 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	537 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	538 \caption{Register usage on x86 thiscall (MS) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	539 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	540
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	541 \newpage
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	542
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	543
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	544 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	545
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	546 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	547 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	548 \item called function cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	549 \item first parameter (this pointer) is passed via ecx
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	550 \item all other parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	551 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	552
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	553 % introduce mangling section? \item Function name is decorated by prepending a '@' character and appending a '@' character and the number of bytes (decimal) of stack space required
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	554
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	555 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	556
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	557 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	558 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	559 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers@@@verify
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	560 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register@@@ really ?
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	561 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	562
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	563
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	564 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	565
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	566 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	567
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	568 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	569 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	570 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	571 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	572 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	573 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	574 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	575 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	576 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg n-1 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	577 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	578 & arg 1 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	579 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	580 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	581 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	582 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	583 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	584 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	585 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	586 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	587 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	588 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	589 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	590 \caption{Stack layout on x86 thiscall (MS) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	591 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	592
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	593
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	594
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	595 \subsubsection{GNU thiscall}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	596
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	597 This is equivalent to the cdecl calling convention, with the first parameter being the this pointer.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	598
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	599 % \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	600 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	601 % \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	602 % \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	603 % Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	604 % \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	605 % {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	606 % {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	607 % {\bf ecx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	608 % {\bf edx} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	609 % {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	610 % {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	611 % {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	612 % {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	613 % {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	614 % {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	615 % \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	616 % \caption{Register usage on x86 thiscall (GNU) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	617 % \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	618 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	619 % \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	620 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	621 % \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	622 % \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	623 % \item caller cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	624 % \item all parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	625 % \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	626 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	627 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	628 % \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	629 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	630 % \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	631 % \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	632 % \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	633 % \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	634 % \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	635 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	636 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	637 % \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	638 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	639 % Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	640 %
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	641 % \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	642 % \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	643 % & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	644 % \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	645 % register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	646 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	647 % local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	648 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	649 % \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg n-1 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	650 % & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	651 % & arg 0 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	652 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	653 % & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	654 % \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	655 % register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	656 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	657 % local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	658 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	659 % parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	660 % \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	661 % & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	662 % \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	663 % \caption{Stack layout on x86 thiscall (GNU) calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	664 % \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	665
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	666
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	667
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	668 \subsubsection{pascal}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	669
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	670 The best known uses of the pascal calling convention are the 16 bit OS/2 APIs, Microsoft Windows 3.x and Borland Delphi 1.x.
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	671
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	672 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	673
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	674 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	675 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	676 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	677 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	678 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	679 {\bf ebx} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	680 {\bf ecx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	681 {\bf edx} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	682 {\bf esi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	683 {\bf edi} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	684 {\bf ebp} & preserve\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	685 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	686 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	687 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	688 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	689 \caption{Register usage on x86 pascal calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	690 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	691
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	692 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	693
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	694 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	695 \item stack parameter order: left-to-right
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	696 \item called function cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	697 \item all parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	698 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	699
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	700
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	701 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	702
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	703 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	704 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	705 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits are returned via the eax and edx registers
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	706 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	707 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	708
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	709
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	710 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	711
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	712 Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	713
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	714 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	715 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	716 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	717 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	718 register save area & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{6}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	719 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	720 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	721 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	722 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg 0 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	723 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	724 & arg n-1 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	725 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	726 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	727 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	728 register save area & & & \mrrbrace{4}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	729 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	730 local data & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	731 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	732 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	733 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	734 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	735 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	736 \caption{Stack layout on x86 pascal calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	737 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	738
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	739
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	740 \newpage
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	741
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	742 \subsubsection{plan9call}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	743
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	744 \paragraph{Registers and register usage}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	745
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	746 \begin{table}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	747 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{3 B}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	748 Name & Brief description\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	749 \hline
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	750 {\bf eax} & scratch, return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	751 {\bf ebx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	752 {\bf ecx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	753 {\bf edx} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	754 {\bf esi} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	755 {\bf edi} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	756 {\bf ebp} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	757 {\bf esp} & stack pointer\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	758 {\bf st0} & scratch, floating point return value\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	759 {\bf st1-st7} & scratch\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	760 \end{tabular*}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	761 \caption{Register usage on x86 plan9call calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	762 \end{table}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	763
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	764 \paragraph{Parameter passing}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	765
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	766 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	767 \item stack parameter order: right-to-left
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	768 \item caller cleans up the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	769 \item all parameters are pushed onto the stack
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	770 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	771
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	772 \pagebreak
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	773
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	774 \paragraph{Return values}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	775
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	776 \begin{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	777 \item return values of pointer or integral type (\textless=\ 32 bits) are returned via the eax register
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	778 \item integers \textgreater\ 32 bits or structures are returned by the caller allocating the space and
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	779 passing a pointer to the callee as a new, implicit first parameter (this means, on the stack)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	780 \item floating point types are returned via the st0 register (called F0 in plan9 8a's terms)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	781 \end{itemize}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	782
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	783
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	784 \paragraph{Stack layout}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	785
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	786 % verified/amended: TP nov 2019 (see also doc/disas_examples/x86.plan9call.disas)
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	787 Note there is no register save area at all. Stack directly after function prolog:\\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	788
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	789 \begin{figure}[h]
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	790 \begin{tabular}{5\|3\|1 1}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	791 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	792 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	793 local data & \hspace{4cm} & & \mrrbrace{5}{caller's frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	794 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	795 \mrlbrace{3}{parameter area} & arg n-1 & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	796 & \ldots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	797 & arg 0 & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	798 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	799 & return address & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	800 \hhline{~=~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	801 local data & & & \mrrbrace{3}{current frame} \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	802 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	803 parameter area & & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	804 \hhline{~-~~}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	805 & \vdots & & \\
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	806 \end{tabular}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	807 \caption{Stack layout on x86 plan9call calling convention}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	808 \end{figure}
276eb8c87aa0 - review and fixes, cleanup, amendments to calling convention appendix of manual Tassilo Philipp parents: 145 diff changeset	809
340 6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	810
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	811 %@@@ \newpage
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	812 %@@@
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	813 %@@@ \subsubsection{Linux syscalls}
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	814 %@@@
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	815 %@@@ \paragraph{Parameter passing}
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	816 %@@@
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	817 %@@@ \begin{itemize}
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	818 %@@@ \item ...
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	819 %@@@ \end{itemize}
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	820 %@@@
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	821 %@@@ \subsubsection{*BSD syscalls}
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	822 %@@@
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	823 %@@@ \paragraph{Parameter passing}
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	824 %@@@
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	825 %@@@ \begin{itemize}
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	826 %@@@ \item ...
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	827 %@@@ \end{itemize}
6e33db95e724 - syscall infos in doc Tassilo Philipp parents: 328 diff changeset	828

Mercurial > pub > dyncall > dyncall

annotate doc/manual/callconvs/callconv_x86.tex @ 340:6e33db95e724