changeset 194:41d6945f5858

- sparc doc improvements (esp. for sparc64)
author Tassilo Philipp
date Sat, 18 Mar 2017 19:08:45 +0100
parents 600bd90afdb7
children be9cb092625f
files doc/manual/callconvs/callconv_sparc.tex doc/manual/callconvs/callconv_sparc64.tex
diffstat 2 files changed, 90 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) [+]
line wrap: on
line diff
--- a/doc/manual/callconvs/callconv_sparc.tex	Tue Mar 14 03:25:12 2017 +0100
+++ b/doc/manual/callconvs/callconv_sparc.tex	Sat Mar 18 19:08:45 2017 +0100
@@ -34,22 +34,24 @@
 \paragraph{Register usage}
 
 \begin{itemize}
-\item 32 32-bit integer/pointer registers
-\item 32 floating point registers (usable as 8 quad precision, 16 double precision or 32 single precision registers)
-\item 32 registers are accessible at a time (8 are global ones (g*), whereas the rest forms a register window with 8 input (i*), 8 output (o*) and 8 local (l*) ones)
+\item 32 single floating point registers (f0-f31, usable as 8 quad precision q0,q4,q8,...,q28, 16 double precision d0,d2,d4,...,d30)
+\item 32 32-bit integer/pointer registers out of a bigger (vendor/model dependent) number that are accessible at a time (8 are global ones (g*), whereas the remaining 24 form a register window with 8 input (i*), 8 output (o*) and 8 local (l*) ones)
 \item calling a function shifts the register window, the old output registers become the new input registers (old local and input ones are not accessible anymore)
 \end{itemize}
 
 \begin{table}[h]
 \begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{lll}
-Name                                 & Alias                   & Brief description\\
+Name                          & Alias                          & Brief description\\
 \hline
-{\bf \%g0}                           &                         & Read-only, hardwired to 0 \\
-{\bf \%g1-\%g7}                      &                         & Global \\
-{\bf \%o0 and \%i0}                  &                         & Output and input argument 0, return value \\
-{\bf \%o1-\%o5 and \%i1-\%i5}        &                         & Output and input argument registers \\
-{\bf \%o6 and \%i6}                  &                         & Stack and frame pointer \\
-{\bf \%o7 and \%i7}                  &                         & Return address (caller writes to o7, callee uses i7) \\
+{\bf \%g0}                    & \%r0                           & Read-only, hardwired to 0 \\
+{\bf \%g1-\%g7}               & \%r1-\%r7                      & Global \\
+{\bf \%o0,\%o1 and \%i0,\%i1} & \%r8,\%r9 and \%r24,\%r25      & Output and input argument registers, return value \\
+{\bf \%o2-\%o5 and \%i2-\%i5} & \%r10-\%r13 and \%r26-\%r29    & Output and input argument registers \\
+{\bf \%o6 and \%i6}           & \%r14 and \%r30, \%sp and \%fp & Stack and frame pointer \\
+{\bf \%o7 and \%i7}           & \%r15 and \%r31                & Return address (caller writes to o7, callee uses i7) \\
+{\bf \%l0-\%l7}               & \%r16-\%r23                    & preserve \\
+{\bf \%f0,\%f1}               &                                & Floating point return value \\
+{\bf \%f2-\%f31}              &                                & scratch \\
 \end{tabular*}
 \caption{Register usage on sparc calling convention}
 \end{table}
@@ -102,6 +104,6 @@
 \\
 \\
 \\
-\caption{Stack layout on sparc calling convention}
+\caption{Stack layout on sparc32 calling convention}
 \end{figure}
 
--- a/doc/manual/callconvs/callconv_sparc64.tex	Tue Mar 14 03:25:12 2017 +0100
+++ b/doc/manual/callconvs/callconv_sparc64.tex	Sat Mar 18 19:08:45 2017 +0100
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 The SPARC family of processors is based on the SPARC instruction set architecture, which comes in basically tree revisions,
 V7, V8\cite{SPARCV8}\cite{SPARCSysV} and V9\cite{SPARCV9}\cite{SPARCV9SysV}. The former two are 32-bit (see previous chapter) whereas the latter refers to the 64-bit SPARC architecture.
 SPARC uses big endian byte order, however, V9 supports also little endian byte order, but for data access only, not instruction access.\\
+\\
+There are two probosals, one from Sun and one from Hal, which disagree on how to handle some aspects of this calling convention.\\
 
 \paragraph{\product{dyncall} support}
 
@@ -31,4 +33,78 @@
 
 \subsubsection{SPARC (64-bit) Calling Convention}
 
-@@@ finish
+\begin{itemize}
+\item 32 double precision floating point registers (d0,d2,d4,...,d62, usable as 16 quad precision ones q0,q4,q8,...g60, and also first half of them are usable as 32 single precision registers f0-f31)
+\item 32 64-bit integer/pointer registers out of a bigger (vendor/model dependent) number that are accessible at a time (8 are global ones (g*), whereas the remaining 24 form a register window with 8 input (i*), 8 output (o*) and 8 local (l*) ones)
+\item calling a function shifts the register window, the old output registers become the new input registers (old local and input ones are not accessible anymore)
+\item stack and frame pointer are offset by a BIAS of 2047 (see official doc for reasons)
+\end{itemize}
+
+\begin{table}[h]
+\begin{tabular*}{0.95\textwidth}{lll}
+Name                          & Alias                          & Brief description\\
+\hline
+{\bf \%g0}                    & \%r0                           & Read-only, hardwired to 0 \\
+{\bf \%g1-\%g7}               & \%r1-\%r7                      & Global \\
+{\bf \%o0-\%o3 and \%i0-\%i3} & \%r8-\%r11 and \%r24-\%r27     & Output and input argument registers, return value \\
+{\bf \%o4,\%o5 and \%i4,\%i5} & \%r12,\%r13 and \%r28,\%r29    & Output and input argument registers \\
+{\bf \%o6 and \%i6}           & \%r14 and \%r30, \%sp and \%fp & Stack and frame pointer (NOTE, value is pointing to stack/frame minus a BIAS of 2047) \\
+{\bf \%o7 and \%i7}           & \%r15 and \%r31                & Return address (caller writes to o7, callee uses i7) \\
+{\bf \%l0-\%l7}               & \%r16-\%r23                    & preserve \\
+{\bf \%d0,\%d2,\%d4,\%d6}     &                                & Floating point arguments, return value \\
+{\bf \%d8,\%d10,...,\%d30}    &                                & Floating point arguments \\
+{\bf \%d32,\%d36,...,\%d62}   &                                & scratch (but, according do Hal, \%d16,...,\%d46 are preserved) \\
+\end{tabular*}
+\caption{Register usage on sparc64 calling convention}
+\end{table}
+
+\paragraph{Parameter passing}
+\begin{itemize}
+\item stack grows down
+\item stack parameter order: right-to-left
+\item caller cleans up the stack
+\item stack always aligned to 8 bytes
+\item first 6 integers are passed in registers using \%o0-\%o5
+\item first 8 quad precision floating point args (or 16 double precision, or 32 single precision) are passed in floating point registers (\%q0,\%q4,...,\%q28 or \%d0,\%d2,...,\%d30 or \%f0-\%f32, respectively)
+\item for every other argument the stack is used
+\item for every floating point argument passed in a register, corresponding \%o* registers or stack space is skipped (e.g. if \%d0 is used for 3rd call argument, \%o2 is skipped and not used for subsequent integer arguments)
+\item all arguments \textless=\ 64 bit are passed as 64 bit values
+\item minimum stack size is 128 bytes, b/c stack pointer must always point at enough space to store all \%i* and \%l* registers, used when running out of register windows
+\item if needed, register spill area (for integer arguments passed via \%o0-\%o5) is adjacent to parameters
+\item results are expected by caller to be returned in \%o0-\%o3 (after reg window restore, meaning callee writes to \%i0-\%i3) for integers, \%d0,\%d2,\%d4,\%d6 for floats, and for structs/unions a pointer to them is used as a hidden stack parameter (see below)
+\end{itemize}
+
+\paragraph{Stack layout}
+
+Stack directly after function prolog:\\
+
+\begin{figure}[h]
+\begin{tabular}{5|3|1 1}
+\hhline{~-~~}
+                                   & \vdots                      &                                &                               \\
+\hhline{~=~~}
+local data                         & \hspace{4cm}                &                                & \mrrbrace{10}{caller's frame} \\
+\hhline{~-~~}
+\mrlbrace{7}{parameter area}       & argument x                  & \mrrbrace{3}{stack parameters} &                               \\
+                                   & \ldots                      &                                &                               \\
+                                   & argument 6                  &                                &                               \\
+                                   & input argument 5 spill      & \mrrbrace{3}{spill area}       &                               \\
+                                   & \ldots                      &                                &                               \\
+                                   & input argument 0 spill      &                                &                               \\
+                                   & struct/union return pointer &                                &                               \\
+\hhline{~-~~}
+register save area (\%i* and \%l*) &                             &                                &                               \\
+\hhline{~=~~}
+local data                         &                             &                                & \mrrbrace{3}{current frame}   \\
+\hhline{~-~~}
+parameter area                     &                             &                                &                               \\
+\hhline{~-~~}
+                                   & \vdots                      &                                &                               \\
+\hhline{~-~~}
+\end{tabular}
+\\
+\\
+\\
+\caption{Stack layout on sparc64 calling convention}
+\end{figure}
+