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annotate doc/disas_examples/x86.fastcall_ms.disas @ 530:585dcb68f55d

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- more doc and disas examples for x86 fastcall and non-trivial aggregates
author Tassilo Philipp
date Sat, 16 Apr 2022 12:10:02 +0200
parents 79e76734bb5c
children
Ignore whitespace changes - Everywhere: Within whitespace: At end of lines:
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469
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1 ; #include <stdlib.h>
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2 ;
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3 ; void leaf_call(int b, int c, int d, int e, int f, int g, int h)
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4 ; {
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5 ; }
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6 ;
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7 ; void nonleaf_call(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e, int f, int g, int h)
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8 ; {
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9 ; /* use some local data */
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10 ; *(char*)alloca(220) = 'L';
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11 ; leaf_call(b, c, d, e, f, g, h);
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12 ; }
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13 ;
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14 ; int main()
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15 ; {
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16 ; nonleaf_call(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
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17 ; return 0;
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18 ; }
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19
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20
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21
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22 ; output from godbolt compiler explorer w/ msvc 19.0 (/Gr for fastcall)
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23
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24 _b$ = -8
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25 _c$ = -4
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26 @leaf_call@28 PROC
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27 push ebp
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28 mov ebp, esp
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29 sub esp, 8
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30 mov DWORD PTR _c$[ebp], edx
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31 mov DWORD PTR _b$[ebp], ecx
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32 mov esp, ebp
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33 pop ebp
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34 ret 20
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35 @leaf_call@28 ENDP
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36
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37 _a$ = -8
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38 _b$ = -4
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39 _c$ = 8
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40 _d$ = 12
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41 _e$ = 16
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42 _f$ = 20
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43 _g$ = 24
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44 _h$ = 28
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45 @nonleaf_call@32 PROC
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46 push ebp ; |
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47 mov ebp, esp ; | prolog
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48 sub esp, 8 ; |
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49 mov DWORD PTR _b$[ebp], edx ; in arg 1 -> local area on stack
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50 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], ecx ; in arg 0 -> local area on stack
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51 mov ecx, 220 ; |
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52 call @alloca@4 ; | call alloca(220) (ecx = arg)
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53 mov BYTE PTR [eax], 76 ; 'L' -> alloca()'d space (pointed to by alloca's retval in eax)
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54 mov eax, DWORD PTR _h$[ebp] ; |
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55 push eax ; |
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56 mov ecx, DWORD PTR _g$[ebp] ; |
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57 push ecx ; |
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58 mov edx, DWORD PTR _f$[ebp] ; | read in args 3-7 from prev frame's param area, and ...
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59 push edx ; | ... "push" onto stack as arg 2-6
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60 mov eax, DWORD PTR _e$[ebp] ; |
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61 push eax ; |
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62 mov ecx, DWORD PTR _d$[ebp] ; |
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63 push ecx ; |
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64 mov edx, DWORD PTR _c$[ebp] ; arg 1 | read from prev frame's param
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65 mov ecx, DWORD PTR _b$[ebp] ; arg 0 | area and put in regs
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66 call @leaf_call@28 ; push return address and call
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67 mov esp, ebp ; |
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68 pop ebp ; | epilog
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69 ret 24 ; |
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70 @nonleaf_call@32 ENDP
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71
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72 _main PROC
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73 push ebp ; | prolog
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74 mov ebp, esp ; |
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75 push 7 ; arg 7
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76 push 6 ; arg 6
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77 push 5 ; arg 5
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78 push 4 ; arg 4
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79 push 3 ; arg 3
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80 push 2 ; arg 2
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81 mov edx, 1 ; arg 1 (via reg)
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82 xor ecx, ecx ; arg 0 (via reg)
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83 call @nonleaf_call@32 ; push return address and call
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84 xor eax, eax ; return value
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85 pop ebp ; |
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86 ret 0 ; | epilog
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87 _main ENDP
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88
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89
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90
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91 ; ---------- structs by value (arg and return value), struct arg not fitting in regs ---------->
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92 ;
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93 ; struct A { int x; short y; char z; long long t; };
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94 ;
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95 ; struct A leaf_call(struct A a, short b, long long c, char d, int e, int f, int g, long long h)
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96 ; {
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97 ; a.x += 1;
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98 ; return a;
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99 ; }
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100 ;
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101 ; int main()
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102 ; {
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103 ; struct A a ={9, 99, 23, 12LL};
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104 ; leaf_call(a, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7LL);
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105 ; return 0;
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106 ; }
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107
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108
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109
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110 ; output from godbolt compiler explorer w/ msvc 19.0 (/Gr for fastcall)
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111
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112 _b$ = -8
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113 _d$ = -4
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114 $T1 = 8
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115 _a$ = 12
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116 _c$ = 28
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117 _e$ = 36
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118 _f$ = 40
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119 _g$ = 44
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120 _h$ = 48
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121 @leaf_call@52 PROC
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122 push ebp ; |
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123 mov ebp, esp ; | prolog
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124 sub esp, 8 ; |
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125 mov BYTE PTR _d$[ebp], dl ; in arg 3 -> local area on stack
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126 mov WORD PTR _b$[ebp], cx ; in arg 1 -> local area on stack
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127 mov eax, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp] ; \
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128 add eax, 1 ; | get struct's x (from stack args), add 1 and write back
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129 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], eax ; /
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130 mov ecx, DWORD PTR $T1[ebp] ; get ptr to retval struct passed as hidden arg (+8 to skip retval and saved ebp)
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131 mov edx, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp] ; |
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132 mov DWORD PTR [ecx], edx ; |
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133 mov eax, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp+4] ; |
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134 mov DWORD PTR [ecx+4], eax ; | copy modified (b/c of x+=1) struct arg to space of retval
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135 mov edx, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp+8] ; |
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136 mov DWORD PTR [ecx+8], edx ; |
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137 mov eax, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp+12] ; |
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138 mov DWORD PTR [ecx+12], eax ; |
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139 mov eax, DWORD PTR $T1[ebp] ; return value (= ptr to struct that was passed-in as hidden arg)
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140 mov esp, ebp ; |
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141 pop ebp ; | epilog
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142 ret 48 ; |
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143 @leaf_call@52 ENDP
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144
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145 $T1 = -32
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146 _a$ = -16
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147 _main PROC
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148 push ebp ; |
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149 mov ebp, esp ; | prolog
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150 sub esp, 32 ; / 32 = 16b local area for struct + 16b space used for retval struct
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151 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], 9 ; \ int x
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152 mov eax, 99 ; | |
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153 mov WORD PTR _a$[ebp+4], ax ; | struct values (local area) | short y
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154 mov BYTE PTR _a$[ebp+6], 23 ; | char z
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155 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp+8], 12 ; | |
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156 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp+12], 0 ; / | long long t
470
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157 push 0 ; \
469
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158 push 7 ; | arg 7
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159 push 6 ; arg 6
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160 push 5 ; arg 5
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161 push 4 ; arg 4
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162 push 0 ; |
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163 push 2 ; / arg 2 (via stack b/c not first arg and > 32 bits)
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164 sub esp, 16 ; \
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165 mov ecx, esp ; |
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166 mov edx, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp] ; |
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167 mov DWORD PTR [ecx], edx ; |
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168 mov eax, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp+4] ; |
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169 mov DWORD PTR [ecx+4], eax ; | arg 0 (struct), "pushed" onto stack (fetched from local area)
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170 mov edx, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp+8] ; |
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171 mov DWORD PTR [ecx+8], edx ; |
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172 mov eax, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp+12] ; |
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173 mov DWORD PTR [ecx+12], eax ; /
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174 lea ecx, DWORD PTR $T1[ebp] ; \ ptr to space used for struct retval (pushed as hidden first arg)
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175 push ecx ; |
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176 mov dl, 3 ; arg 3 (via reg)
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177 mov ecx, 1 ; arg 1 (via reg)
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178 call @leaf_call@52 ; push return address and call
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179 xor eax, eax ; return value
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180 mov esp, ebp ; |
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181 pop ebp ; | epilog
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182 ret 0 ; |
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183 _main ENDP
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184
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185
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186
530
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187 ; ---------- C++ trivial and non-trivial aggrs passed to C funcs ---------->
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188 ;
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189 ; struct Trivial { int a; };
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190 ; struct NonTrivial {
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191 ; int a;
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192 ; NonTrivial() : a(0) {}
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193 ; NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : a(rhs.a) { }
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194 ; };
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195 ;
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196 ; extern "C" {
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197 ;
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198 ; void f1(struct Trivial s) { }
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199 ; void f2(struct NonTrivial s) { }
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200 ;
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201 ; void f()
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202 ; {
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203 ; struct Trivial t;
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204 ; struct NonTrivial n;
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205 ; int a=1;
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206 ; a += 123;
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207 ; f1(t);
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208 ; a -= 123;
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209 ; f2(n);
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210 ; a -= 12;
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211 ; }
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212 ; }
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213
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214
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215
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216 ; output from godbolt compiler explorer w/ msvc 19.31 (/Gr for fastcall)
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217
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218 _this$ = -4
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219 NonTrivial::NonTrivial(void) PROC
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220 push ebp
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221 mov ebp, esp
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222 push ecx
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223 mov DWORD PTR _this$[ebp], ecx
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224 mov eax, DWORD PTR _this$[ebp]
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225 mov DWORD PTR [eax], 0
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226 mov eax, DWORD PTR _this$[ebp]
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227 mov esp, ebp
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228 pop ebp
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229 ret 0
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230 NonTrivial::NonTrivial(void) ENDP
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231
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232 _this$ = -4
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233 _rhs$ = 8
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234 NonTrivial::NonTrivial(NonTrivial const &) PROC
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235 push ebp
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236 mov ebp, esp
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237 push ecx
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238 mov DWORD PTR _this$[ebp], ecx
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239 mov eax, DWORD PTR _this$[ebp]
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240 mov ecx, DWORD PTR _rhs$[ebp]
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241 mov edx, DWORD PTR [ecx]
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242 mov DWORD PTR [eax], edx
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243 mov eax, DWORD PTR _this$[ebp]
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244 mov esp, ebp
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245 pop ebp
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246 ret 4
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247 NonTrivial::NonTrivial(NonTrivial const &) ENDP
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248
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249 _s$ = 8
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250 @f1@4 PROC
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251 push ebp
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252 mov ebp, esp
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253 pop ebp
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254 ret 4
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255 @f1@4 ENDP
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256
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257 _s$ = 8
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258 @f2@4 PROC
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259 push ebp
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260 mov ebp, esp
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261 pop ebp
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262 ret 4
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263 @f2@4 ENDP
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264
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265 _t$ = -12
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266 _n$ = -8
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267 _a$ = -4
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268 @f@0 PROC
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269 push ebp ;
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270 mov ebp, esp ;
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271 sub esp, 12 ;
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272 lea ecx, DWORD PTR _n$[ebp] ;
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273 call NonTrivial::NonTrivial(void) ;
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274 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], 1 ;
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275 mov eax, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp] ;
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276 add eax, 123 ;
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277 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], eax ;
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278 mov ecx, DWORD PTR _t$[ebp] ;
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279 push ecx ;
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280 call @f1@4 ;
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281 mov edx, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp] ;
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282 sub edx, 123 ;
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283 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], edx ;
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284 push ecx ;
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285 mov ecx, esp ;
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286 lea eax, DWORD PTR _n$[ebp] ;
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287 push eax ;
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288 call NonTrivial::NonTrivial(NonTrivial const &) ;
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289 call @f2@4 ;
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290 mov ecx, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp] ;
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291 sub ecx, 12 ;
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292 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], ecx ;
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293 mov esp, ebp ;
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294 pop ebp ;
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295 ret 0 ;
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296 @f@0 ENDP
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297
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298
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299
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300 ; ---------- C++ trivial and non-trivial aggrs as return values ---------->
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301 ;
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302 ; struct Trivial { int a; };
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303 ; struct NonTrivial {
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304 ; int a;
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305 ; NonTrivial() : a(0) {}
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306 ; NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : a(rhs.a) { }
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307 ; };
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308 ;
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309 ; extern "C" {
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310 ; struct Trivial f1() { return Trivial(); }
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311 ; }
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312 ;
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313 ; struct NonTrivial f2() { return NonTrivial(); }
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314 ;
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315 ; extern "C" {
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316 ; void f()
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317 ; {
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318 ; int a=1;
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319 ; a += 123;
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320 ; struct Trivial t = f1();
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321 ; a -= 123;
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322 ; struct NonTrivial n = f2();
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323 ; a -= 12;
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324 ; }
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325 ; }
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326
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327
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328
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329 ; output from godbolt compiler explorer w/ msvc 19.31 (/Gr for fastcall)
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330
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331 _this$ = -4
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332 NonTrivial::NonTrivial(void) PROC
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333 push ebp
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334 mov ebp, esp
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335 push ecx
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336 mov DWORD PTR _this$[ebp], ecx
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337 mov eax, DWORD PTR _this$[ebp]
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338 mov DWORD PTR [eax], 0
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339 mov eax, DWORD PTR _this$[ebp]
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340 mov esp, ebp
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341 pop ebp
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342 ret 0
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343 NonTrivial::NonTrivial(void) ENDP
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344
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345 $T1 = -4
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346 @f1@0 PROC
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347 push ebp
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348 mov ebp, esp
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349 push ecx
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350 xor eax, eax
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351 mov DWORD PTR $T1[ebp], eax
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352 mov eax, DWORD PTR $T1[ebp]
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353 mov esp, ebp
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354 pop ebp
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355 ret 0
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356 @f1@0 ENDP
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357
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358 ___$ReturnUdt$ = -4
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359 NonTrivial f2(void) PROC
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360 push ebp ;
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361 mov ebp, esp ;
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362 push ecx ; ptr to hidden retval space as first arg (fastcall, in ecx)
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363 mov DWORD PTR ___$ReturnUdt$[ebp], ecx ; |
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364 mov ecx, DWORD PTR ___$ReturnUdt$[ebp] ; | a bit pointless
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365 call NonTrivial::NonTrivial(void) ;
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366 mov eax, DWORD PTR ___$ReturnUdt$[ebp] ; return passed-in ptr ptr to hidden retval space in eax
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367 mov esp, ebp ;
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368 pop ebp ;
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369 ret 0 ;
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370 NonTrivial f2(void) ENDP
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371
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372 _n$ = -16
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373 _t$ = -12
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374 $T1 = -8
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375 _a$ = -4
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376 @f@0 PROC
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377 push ebp ;
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378 mov ebp, esp ;
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379 sub esp, 16 ;
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380 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], 1 ; a = 1
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381 mov eax, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp] ; |
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382 add eax, 123 ; | a += 123
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383 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], eax ; |
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384 call @f1@0 ; call f1()
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385 mov DWORD PTR $T1[ebp], eax ; retval (trivial struct <= 32bits, returned via eax)
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386 mov ecx, DWORD PTR $T1[ebp] ; | copy of retval from stack to stack
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387 mov DWORD PTR _t$[ebp], ecx ; /
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388 mov edx, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp] ; \
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389 sub edx, 123 ; | a -= 123
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390 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], edx ; |
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391 lea ecx, DWORD PTR _n$[ebp] ; hidden first arg: ptr to space for (non-trivial) retval
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392 call NonTrivial f2(void) ; call f2()
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393 mov eax, DWORD PTR _a$[ebp] ; |
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394 sub eax, 12 ; | a -= 12
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395 mov DWORD PTR _a$[ebp], eax ; |
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396 mov esp, ebp ;
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397 pop ebp ;
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398 ret 0 ;
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399 @f@0 ENDP
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400
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401
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402
469
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403 ; vim: ft=asm
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404