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view doc/disas_examples/ppc64.elfabi.disas @ 497:cb19b2fe2422
- more disas examples to check behaviour of passing C++ non-trivial aggregates by value; they all behave the same, calling the copy ctor first, passing a pointer then
| author | Tassilo Philipp |
|---|---|
| date | Wed, 23 Mar 2022 15:24:31 +0100 |
| parents | ead041d93e36 |
| children | fc614cb865c6 |
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line source
; #include <stdlib.h> ; ; void leaf_call(int b, int c, int d, int e, int f, int g, int h) ; { ; } ; ; void nonleaf_call(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e, int f, int g, int h) ; { ; /* use some local data */ ; *(char*)alloca(220) = 'L'; ; leaf_call(b, c, d, e, f, g, h); ; } ; ; int main() ; { ; nonleaf_call(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7); ; return 0; ; } ; output from freebsd-11.0-ppc64 w/ gcc 4.2.1 0000000000000000 <.leaf_call>: 0: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 4: f8 21 ff c1 stdu r1,-64(r1) 8: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 c: 7c 60 1b 78 mr r0,r3 10: 7c 8b 23 78 mr r11,r4 14: 7c aa 2b 78 mr r10,r5 18: 90 1f 00 70 stw r0,112(r31) 1c: 91 7f 00 78 stw r11,120(r31) 20: 91 5f 00 80 stw r10,128(r31) 24: 90 df 00 88 stw r6,136(r31) 28: 90 ff 00 90 stw r7,144(r31) 2c: 91 1f 00 98 stw r8,152(r31) 30: 91 3f 00 a0 stw r9,160(r31) 34: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 38: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 3c: 4e 80 00 20 blr ... 48: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) 000000000000004c <.nonleaf_call>: 4c: 7c 08 02 a6 mflr r0 ; | 50: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) ; | 54: f8 01 00 10 std r0,16(r1) ; | prolog 58: f8 21 ff 71 stdu r1,-144(r1) ; | 5c: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 ; use gpr31 as sort of frame pointer, below 60: 7c 60 1b 78 mr r0,r3 ; in arg 0 -> gpr0 64: 7c 8b 23 78 mr r11,r4 ; in arg 1 -> gpr11 68: 90 1f 00 c0 stw r0,192(r31) ; | 6c: 91 7f 00 c8 stw r11,200(r31) ; | 70: 90 bf 00 d0 stw r5,208(r31) ; | 74: 90 df 00 d8 stw r6,216(r31) ; | 78: 90 ff 00 e0 stw r7,224(r31) ; | all in args -> spill area in prev frame (jump over own frame (144) + linkage area of prev frame (48) = 192) 7c: 91 1f 00 e8 stw r8,232(r31) ; | 80: 91 3f 00 f0 stw r9,240(r31) ; | 84: 91 5f 00 f8 stw r10,248(r31) ; | 88: e8 01 00 00 ld r0,0(r1) ; fetch back-chain ptr (parent frame's sp) from stack of top by prolog -> gpr0, and ... 8c: f8 01 ff 11 stdu r0,-240(r1) ; ... update it further up the stack for alloca(220) - with padding to guarantee alignment 90: 39 21 00 70 addi r9,r1,112 ; | 94: f9 3f 00 70 std r9,112(r31) ; | 98: e9 3f 00 70 ld r9,112(r31) ; | 9c: 38 09 00 0f addi r0,r9,15 ; | start of alloca()'d memory -> gpr9, by ... a0: 78 00 e1 02 rldicl r0,r0,60,4 ; | ... using gpr0 as helper to align to 16b, leaving at least 112b at top of stack a4: 78 00 26 e4 rldicr r0,r0,4,59 ; | a8: f8 1f 00 70 std r0,112(r31) ; | ac: e9 3f 00 70 ld r9,112(r31) ; | b0: 38 00 00 4c li r0,76 ; 'L' -> gpr0, and ... b4: 98 09 00 00 stb r0,0(r9) ; ... store in local area (of alloca()'d space) b8: 80 1f 00 c8 lwz r0,200(r31) ; prep arg 0 (from prev frame's spill area), ... bc: 7c 08 07 b4 extsw r8,r0 ; ... -> gpr8 (w/ sign extension b/c int param in 64bit reg) c0: 80 1f 00 d0 lwz r0,208(r31) ; prep arg 1 (from prev frame's spill area), ... c4: 7c 07 07 b4 extsw r7,r0 ; ... -> gpr7 c8: 80 1f 00 d8 lwz r0,216(r31) ; prep arg 2 (from prev frame's spill area), ... cc: 7c 06 07 b4 extsw r6,r0 ; ... -> gpr6 d0: 80 1f 00 e0 lwz r0,224(r31) ; prep arg 3 (from prev frame's spill area), ... d4: 7c 09 07 b4 extsw r9,r0 ; ... -> gpr9 d8: 80 1f 00 e8 lwz r0,232(r31) ; prep arg 4 (from prev frame's spill area), ... dc: 7c 0b 07 b4 extsw r11,r0 ; ... -> gpr11 e0: 80 1f 00 f0 lwz r0,240(r31) ; prep arg 5 (from prev frame's spill area), ... e4: 7c 0a 07 b4 extsw r10,r0 ; ... -> gpr10 e8: 80 1f 00 f8 lwz r0,248(r31) ; prep arg 6 (from prev frame's spill area), ... ec: 7c 00 07 b4 extsw r0,r0 ; ... -> gpr0 f0: 7d 03 43 78 mr r3,r8 ; arg 0 f4: 7c e4 3b 78 mr r4,r7 ; arg 1 f8: 7c c5 33 78 mr r5,r6 ; arg 2 fc: 7d 26 4b 78 mr r6,r9 ; arg 3 100: 7d 67 5b 78 mr r7,r11 ; arg 4 104: 7d 48 53 78 mr r8,r10 ; arg 5 108: 7c 09 03 78 mr r9,r0 ; arg 6 10c: 48 00 00 01 bl 10c <.nonleaf_call+0xc0> ; call and put return address -> lr 110: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) ; | 114: e8 01 00 10 ld r0,16(r1) ; | 118: 7c 08 03 a6 mtlr r0 ; | epilog 11c: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) ; | 120: 4e 80 00 20 blr ; | 124: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 ; data 128: 00 00 00 01 .long 0x1 ; data 12c: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) ; unsure@@@. data? 0000000000000130 <.main>: 130: 7c 08 02 a6 mflr r0 ; | lr -> gpr0 134: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) ; | preseve gpr31 (as used in func as helper addr) 138: f8 01 00 10 std r0,16(r1) ; | prolog store lr 13c: f8 21 ff 81 stdu r1,-128(r1) ; | open frame 140: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 ; use gpr31 as sort of frame pointer, below 144: 38 60 00 00 li r3,0 ; arg 0 148: 38 80 00 01 li r4,1 ; arg 1 14c: 38 a0 00 02 li r5,2 ; arg 2 150: 38 c0 00 03 li r6,3 ; arg 3 154: 38 e0 00 04 li r7,4 ; arg 4 158: 39 00 00 05 li r8,5 ; arg 5 15c: 39 20 00 06 li r9,6 ; arg 6 160: 39 40 00 07 li r10,7 ; arg 7 164: 48 00 00 01 bl 164 <.main+0x34> ; call and put return address -> lr 168: 38 00 00 00 li r0,0 ; return value ... 16c: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 ; ... in gpr3 170: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) ; | 174: e8 01 00 10 ld r0,16(r1) ; | 178: 7c 08 03 a6 mtlr r0 ; | epilog 17c: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) ; | 180: 4e 80 00 20 blr ; | 184: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 ; data 188: 00 00 00 01 .long 0x1 ; data 18c: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) ; unsure@@@. data? ; ------------- ints and floats, var args, struct return value (meaning implicit first param), more than 8 params (11, with implicit return value ptr) -----------> ; #include <stdlib.h> ; #include <stdarg.h> ; ; void leaf_call(int b, float c, int d, float e, int f, float g, float h, int i, float j) ; { ; } ; ; struct aggr { int x; int y; int z; }; ; ; struct aggr nonleaf_call(int a, int b, float c, int d, float e, int f, ...) ; { ; va_list v; ; int i; ; float g, h, j; ; struct aggr st = { b, d, f }; ; va_start(v, f); ; g = va_arg(v, float); ; h = va_arg(v, float); ; i = va_arg(v, int); ; h = va_arg(v, float); ; /* use some local data */ ; *(char*)alloca(220) = 'L'; ; leaf_call(b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j); ; ; return st; ; } ; ; int main() ; { ; struct aggr st = nonleaf_call(0, 1, 2.f, 3, 4.f, 5, 6.f, 7.f, 8, 9.f); ; return 0; ; } ; output from freebsd-11.0-ppc64 w/ gcc 4.2.1 0000000000000000 <.leaf_call>: 0: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 4: f8 21 ff c1 stdu r1,-64(r1) 8: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 c: 7c 69 1b 78 mr r9,r3 10: d0 3f 00 78 stfs f1,120(r31) 14: 7c ab 2b 78 mr r11,r5 18: d0 5f 00 88 stfs f2,136(r31) 1c: 7c e8 3b 78 mr r8,r7 20: d0 7f 00 98 stfs f3,152(r31) 24: d0 9f 00 a0 stfs f4,160(r31) 28: 7d 40 53 78 mr r0,r10 2c: d0 bf 00 b0 stfs f5,176(r31) 30: 91 3f 00 70 stw r9,112(r31) 34: 91 7f 00 80 stw r11,128(r31) 38: 91 1f 00 90 stw r8,144(r31) 3c: 90 1f 00 a8 stw r0,168(r31) 40: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 44: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 48: 4e 80 00 20 blr ... 54: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) 0000000000000058 <.nonleaf_call>: 58: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) ; | 5c: f8 21 ff 91 stdu r1,-112(r1) ; | prolog 60: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 ; use gpr31 as sort of frame pointer, below 64: 7c 8b 23 78 mr r11,r4 ; in arg 1 (first explicit arg, b/c of struct return value ptr being arg0) -> r11 68: 7c a8 2b 78 mr r8,r5 ; in arg 2 -> r8 (free reg, was skipped for float param) 6c: d0 3f 00 b8 stfs f1,184(r31) ; | in arg 3 (float) -> prev frame's spill area: 184 = 112 (frame) + 48 (prev frame's linkage area) + 8 (arg 0 = return value ptr) + 16 (first two explicit args) 70: d0 5f 00 c8 stfs f2,200(r31) ; | in arg 5 (float) -> prev frame's spill area 74: f9 5f 00 d8 std r10,216(r31) ; | in arg 7 (float, also held in gpr reg b/c vararg) -> prev frame's spill area 78: 7d 20 4b 78 mr r0,r9 ; | spilling in arg 6 in gpr0 (spilled below) 7c: 91 7f 00 a8 stw r11,168(r31) ; | in arg 1 (int) -> prev frame's spill area 80: 91 1f 00 b0 stw r8,176(r31) ; | in arg 2 (int) -> prev frame's spill area 84: 90 ff 00 c0 stw r7,192(r31) ; | in arg 4 (int) -> prev frame's spill area 88: 90 1f 00 d0 stw r0,208(r31) ; / in arg 6 (int) -> prev frame's spill area 8c: 80 1f 00 b0 lwz r0,176(r31) ; \ 90: 90 1f 00 48 stw r0,72(r31) ; | 94: 80 1f 00 c0 lwz r0,192(r31) ; | 98: 90 1f 00 4c stw r0,76(r31) ; | filling struct with 3 int input args 9c: 80 1f 00 d0 lwz r0,208(r31) ; | a0: 90 1f 00 50 stw r0,80(r31) ; | a4: 38 1f 00 d8 addi r0,r31,216 ; a8: f8 1f 00 40 std r0,64(r31) ; . ac: 7f e0 00 08 trap ; . ... ; . b8: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) ; 00000000000000bc <.main>: bc: 7c 08 02 a6 mflr r0 ; | lr -> gpr0 c0: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) ; | preseve gpr31 (as used in func as helper addr) c4: f8 01 00 10 std r0,16(r1) ; | prolog store lr c8: f8 21 ff 41 stdu r1,-192(r1) ; | open frame cc: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 ; use gpr31 as sort of frame pointer, below d0: 39 61 00 30 addi r11,r1,48 ; ptr to param area -> r11 d4: e9 22 00 00 ld r9,0(r2) ; prep arg 3 (=explicit arg 2, b/c of implicit return value pointer), ... d8: c1 a9 00 00 lfs f13,0(r9) ; ... load from static data -> f13 dc: e9 22 00 08 ld r9,8(r2) ; prep arg 5, ... e0: c1 89 00 00 lfs f12,0(r9) ; ... load from static data -> f12 e4: e9 22 00 10 ld r9,16(r2) ; prep arg 7, ... e8: c8 09 00 00 lfd f0,0(r9) ; ... load from static data -> f0 ec: d8 1f 00 a0 stfd f0,160(r31) ; | f0: e8 1f 00 a0 ld r0,160(r31) ; | f4: 7c 09 03 78 mr r9,r0 ; | also hold it in f11 (temporarily, before copying to fpr3 below) f8: 7d 2a 4b 78 mr r10,r9 ; | and gpr10 (instead of skipping that int reg, for straightforward spilling) fc: f8 1f 00 a0 std r0,160(r31) ; | (uses temp space to copy between fpr and gpr regs) 100: c8 1f 00 a0 lfd f0,160(r31) ; | 104: fd 60 00 90 fmr f11,f0 ; | 108: e9 22 00 18 ld r9,24(r2) ; prep arg 8, ... 10c: c8 09 00 00 lfd f0,0(r9) ; ... load from static data -> fpr0, and ... 110: d8 0b 00 40 stfd f0,64(r11) ; ... "pushed" onto stack (in param area past spill area) and ... 114: c9 4b 00 40 lfd f10,64(r11) ; ... also held in f10 (prep, see where it's used below) 118: 38 00 00 08 li r0,8 ; arg 9, ... 11c: f8 0b 00 48 std r0,72(r11) ; ... "pushed" onto stack 120: e9 22 00 20 ld r9,32(r2) ; arg 10 (float, promoted to double), ... 124: c8 09 00 00 lfd f0,0(r9) ; ... load from static data -> fpr0, and ... 128: d8 0b 00 50 stfd f0,80(r11) ; ... "pushed" onto stack 12c: c8 0b 00 50 lfd f0,80(r11) ; ... also held in f0 (prep, see where it's used below), in theory pointless reload of arg10 -> fpr0 130: 38 1f 00 90 addi r0,r31,144 ; ptr to return value struct in local space -> gpr0 134: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 ; arg 0 (this is the pointer to the struct return value) 138: 38 80 00 00 li r4,0 ; arg 1 13c: 38 a0 00 01 li r5,1 ; arg 2 140: fc 20 68 90 fmr f1,f13 ; arg 3 (float, in 1st double reg) 144: 38 e0 00 03 li r7,3 ; arg 4 (skipping gpr6 b/c of float arg) 148: fc 40 60 90 fmr f2,f12 ; arg 5 (float, in 2nd double reg) 14c: 39 20 00 05 li r9,5 ; arg 6 (skipping gpr8 b/c of float arg, vararg) 150: fc 60 58 90 fmr f3,f11 ; arg 7 (float, in 3rd double reg, promoted to double anyways b/c vararg) 154: fc 80 50 90 fmr f4,f10 ; arg 8 (float, in 4th double reg, promoted to double anyways b/c vararg) 158: fc a0 00 90 fmr f5,f0 ; arg 10 (float, in 5th double reg, promoted to double anyways b/c vararg) 15c: 48 00 00 01 bl 15c <.main+0xa0> ; call and put return address -> lr 160: 38 00 00 00 li r0,0 ; return value ... 164: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 ; ... in gpr3 168: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) ; | 16c: e8 01 00 10 ld r0,16(r1) ; | 170: 7c 08 03 a6 mtlr r0 ; | epilog 174: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) ; | 178: 4e 80 00 20 blr ; | 17c: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 ; data 180: 00 00 00 01 .long 0x1 ; data 184: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) ; unsure@@@. data? ; ---------- structs by value ----------> ; ; struct A { int i, j; long long l; }; ; ; void leaf_call(int b, int c, int d, int e, struct A f, int g, int h) ; { ; } ; ; void nonleaf_call(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e, struct A f, int g, int h) ; { ; /* use some local data */ ; char l[100] = { 'L' }; ; leaf_call(b, c, d, e, f, g, h); ; } ; ; int main() ; { ; nonleaf_call(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, (struct A){5, 6, 7ll}, 8, 9); ; return 0; ; } ; output from freebsd-11.0-ppc64 w/ gcc 4.2.1 0000000000000000 <.leaf_call>: 0: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 4: f8 21 ff c1 stdu r1,-64(r1) 8: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 c: 7c 60 1b 78 mr r0,r3 10: 39 7f 00 90 addi r11,r31,144 14: f8 eb 00 00 std r7,0(r11) 18: f9 0b 00 08 std r8,8(r11) 1c: 7d 4b 53 78 mr r11,r10 20: 90 1f 00 70 stw r0,112(r31) 24: 90 9f 00 78 stw r4,120(r31) 28: 90 bf 00 80 stw r5,128(r31) 2c: 90 df 00 88 stw r6,136(r31) 30: 91 3f 00 a0 stw r9,160(r31) 34: 91 7f 00 a8 stw r11,168(r31) 38: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 3c: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 40: 4e 80 00 20 blr ... 4c: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) 0000000000000050 <.nonleaf_call>: 50: 7c 08 02 a6 mflr r0 54: fb a1 ff e8 std r29,-24(r1) 58: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 5c: f8 01 00 10 std r0,16(r1) 60: f8 21 ff 01 stdu r1,-256(r1) 64: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 68: 7c 60 1b 78 mr r0,r3 6c: 39 7f 01 58 addi r11,r31,344 70: f9 0b 00 00 std r8,0(r11) 74: f9 2b 00 08 std r9,8(r11) 78: 7d 49 53 78 mr r9,r10 7c: 90 1f 01 30 stw r0,304(r31) 80: 90 9f 01 38 stw r4,312(r31) 84: 90 bf 01 40 stw r5,320(r31) 88: 90 df 01 48 stw r6,328(r31) 8c: 90 ff 01 50 stw r7,336(r31) 90: 91 3f 01 68 stw r9,360(r31) 94: 38 1f 00 70 addi r0,r31,112 98: 39 20 00 64 li r9,100 9c: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 a0: 38 80 00 00 li r4,0 a4: 7d 25 4b 78 mr r5,r9 a8: 48 00 00 01 bl a8 <.nonleaf_call+0x58> ac: 4f ff fb 82 crmove 4*cr7+so,4*cr7+so b0: 38 00 00 4c li r0,76 b4: 98 1f 00 70 stb r0,112(r31) b8: 80 1f 01 38 lwz r0,312(r31) bc: 7c 08 07 b4 extsw r8,r0 c0: 80 1f 01 40 lwz r0,320(r31) c4: 7c 09 07 b4 extsw r9,r0 c8: 80 1f 01 48 lwz r0,328(r31) cc: 7c 0b 07 b4 extsw r11,r0 d0: 80 1f 01 50 lwz r0,336(r31) d4: 7c 0a 07 b4 extsw r10,r0 d8: 80 1f 01 68 lwz r0,360(r31) dc: 7c 1d 07 b4 extsw r29,r0 e0: 80 1f 01 74 lwz r0,372(r31) e4: 7c 00 07 b4 extsw r0,r0 e8: 7d 03 43 78 mr r3,r8 ec: 7d 24 4b 78 mr r4,r9 f0: 7d 65 5b 78 mr r5,r11 f4: 7d 46 53 78 mr r6,r10 f8: 39 3f 01 58 addi r9,r31,344 fc: e8 e9 00 00 ld r7,0(r9) 100: e9 09 00 08 ld r8,8(r9) 104: 7f a9 eb 78 mr r9,r29 108: 7c 0a 03 78 mr r10,r0 10c: 48 00 00 01 bl 10c <.nonleaf_call+0xbc> 110: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 114: e8 01 00 10 ld r0,16(r1) 118: 7c 08 03 a6 mtlr r0 11c: eb a1 ff e8 ld r29,-24(r1) 120: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 124: 4e 80 00 20 blr 128: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 12c: 00 00 00 01 .long 0x1 130: 80 03 00 01 lwz r0,1(r3) 0000000000000134 <.main>: 134: 7c 08 02 a6 mflr r0 ; | lr -> gpr0 138: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) ; | preseve gpr31 (as used in func as helper addr) 13c: f8 01 00 10 std r0,16(r1) ; | prolog store lr 140: f8 21 ff 61 stdu r1,-160(r1) ; | open frame 144: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 ; use gpr31 as sort of frame pointer, below 148: e9 22 00 00 ld r9,0(r2) ; | 14c: e9 49 00 08 ld r10,8(r9) ; | fetch local struct data's 2 doublewords (r2 = TOC ptr) -> r9/r10, and ... 150: e9 29 00 00 ld r9,0(r9) ; | 154: f9 3f 00 80 std r9,128(r31) ; | ... write to local area on stack 158: f9 5f 00 88 std r10,136(r31) ; / 15c: 38 00 00 09 li r0,9 ; \ arg 7, ... 160: f8 01 00 70 std r0,112(r1) ; | ... "pushed" onto stack 164: 38 60 00 00 li r3,0 ; arg 0 168: 38 80 00 01 li r4,1 ; arg 1 16c: 38 a0 00 02 li r5,2 ; arg 2 170: 38 c0 00 03 li r6,3 ; arg 3 174: 38 e0 00 04 li r7,4 ; arg 4 178: e9 1f 00 80 ld r8,128(r31) ; | 17c: e9 3f 00 88 ld r9,136(r31) ; | arg 5 (struct, fetch from local area, pass as 2 doublewords) 180: 39 40 00 08 li r10,8 ; arg 6 184: 48 00 00 01 bl 184 <.main+0x50> ; call and put return address -> lr 188: 38 00 00 00 li r0,0 ; return value ... 18c: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 ; ... in gpr3 190: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) ; | 194: e8 01 00 10 ld r0,16(r1) ; | 198: 7c 08 03 a6 mtlr r0 ; | epilog 19c: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) ; | 1a0: 4e 80 00 20 blr ; | 1a4: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 ; data 1a8: 00 00 00 01 .long 0x1 ; data 1ac: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) ; unsure@@@. data? ; ---------- structs by value, complex example (multiple structs) ----------> ; ; struct A { int i, j; float f; }; ; struct B { double d; long long l; }; ; ; void leaf_call(int b, struct A c, struct B d, int e, int f, struct A g, struct B h, int i, int j) ; { ; } ; ; void nonleaf_call(int a, int b, struct A c, struct B d, int e, int f, struct A g, struct B h, int i, int j) ; { ; /* use some local data */ ; char l[100] = { 'L' }; ; leaf_call(b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j); ; } ; ; int main() ; { ; nonleaf_call(0, 1, (struct A){2, 3, 4.f}, (struct B){5., 6ll}, 7, 8, (struct A){9, 10, 11.f}, (struct B){12., 13ll}, 14, 15); ; return 0; ; } ; output from freebsd-11.0-ppc64 w/ gcc 4.2.1 0000000000000000 <.leaf_call>: 0: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 4: f8 21 ff c1 stdu r1,-64(r1) 8: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 c: f8 9f 00 78 std r4,120(r31) 10: f8 bf 00 80 std r5,128(r31) 14: 39 7f 00 88 addi r11,r31,136 18: f8 cb 00 00 std r6,0(r11) 1c: f8 eb 00 08 std r7,8(r11) 20: 7d 00 43 78 mr r0,r8 24: f9 5f 00 a8 std r10,168(r31) 28: 90 7f 00 70 stw r3,112(r31) 2c: 90 1f 00 98 stw r0,152(r31) 30: 91 3f 00 a0 stw r9,160(r31) 34: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 38: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 3c: 4e 80 00 20 blr ... 48: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) 000000000000004c <.nonleaf_call>: 4c: 7c 08 02 a6 mflr r0 50: fb 81 ff e0 std r28,-32(r1) 54: fb a1 ff e8 std r29,-24(r1) 58: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 5c: f8 01 00 10 std r0,16(r1) 60: f8 21 fe d1 stdu r1,-304(r1) 64: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 68: f8 bf 01 70 std r5,368(r31) 6c: f8 df 01 78 std r6,376(r31) 70: 39 7f 01 80 addi r11,r31,384 74: f8 eb 00 00 std r7,0(r11) 78: f9 0b 00 08 std r8,8(r11) 7c: 7d 20 4b 78 mr r0,r9 80: 7d 49 53 78 mr r9,r10 84: 90 7f 01 60 stw r3,352(r31) 88: 90 9f 01 68 stw r4,360(r31) 8c: 90 1f 01 90 stw r0,400(r31) 90: 91 3f 01 98 stw r9,408(r31) 94: 38 1f 00 a0 addi r0,r31,160 98: 39 20 00 64 li r9,100 9c: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 a0: 38 80 00 00 li r4,0 a4: 7d 25 4b 78 mr r5,r9 a8: 48 00 00 01 bl a8 <.nonleaf_call+0x5c> ac: 4f ff fb 82 crmove 4*cr7+so,4*cr7+so b0: 38 00 00 4c li r0,76 b4: 98 1f 00 a0 stb r0,160(r31) b8: 80 1f 01 68 lwz r0,360(r31) bc: 7c 08 07 b4 extsw r8,r0 c0: 80 1f 01 90 lwz r0,400(r31) c4: 7c 1d 07 b4 extsw r29,r0 c8: 80 1f 01 98 lwz r0,408(r31) cc: 7c 1c 07 b4 extsw r28,r0 d0: 39 3f 01 b0 addi r9,r31,432 d4: e9 49 00 08 ld r10,8(r9) d8: e9 29 00 00 ld r9,0(r9) dc: 39 61 00 78 addi r11,r1,120 e0: f9 2b 00 00 std r9,0(r11) e4: f9 4b 00 08 std r10,8(r11) e8: 80 1f 01 c4 lwz r0,452(r31) ec: 7c 00 07 b4 extsw r0,r0 f0: f8 01 00 88 std r0,136(r1) f4: 80 1f 01 cc lwz r0,460(r31) f8: 7c 00 07 b4 extsw r0,r0 fc: f8 01 00 90 std r0,144(r1) 100: 80 1f 01 a8 lwz r0,424(r31) 104: 90 01 00 70 stw r0,112(r1) 108: e9 5f 01 a0 ld r10,416(r31) 10c: 7d 03 43 78 mr r3,r8 110: e8 9f 01 70 ld r4,368(r31) 114: e8 bf 01 78 ld r5,376(r31) 118: 39 3f 01 80 addi r9,r31,384 11c: e8 c9 00 00 ld r6,0(r9) 120: e8 e9 00 08 ld r7,8(r9) 124: 7f a8 eb 78 mr r8,r29 128: 7f 89 e3 78 mr r9,r28 12c: 48 00 00 01 bl 12c <.nonleaf_call+0xe0> 130: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 134: e8 01 00 10 ld r0,16(r1) 138: 7c 08 03 a6 mtlr r0 13c: eb 81 ff e0 ld r28,-32(r1) 140: eb a1 ff e8 ld r29,-24(r1) 144: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 148: 4e 80 00 20 blr 14c: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 150: 00 00 00 01 .long 0x1 154: 80 04 00 01 lwz r0,1(r4) 0000000000000158 <.main>: 158: 7c 08 02 a6 mflr r0 ; | lr -> gpr0 15c: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) ; | preseve gpr31 (as used in func as helper addr) 160: f8 01 00 10 std r0,16(r1) ; | prolog store lr 164: f8 21 ff 11 stdu r1,-240(r1) ; | open frame 168: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 ; use gpr31 as sort of frame pointer, below 16c: e9 22 00 00 ld r9,0(r2) ; | 170: e8 09 00 00 ld r0,0(r9) ; | fetch local first struct A data's 2 doublewords (r2 = TOC ptr) -> r9/r10, and ... 174: 81 29 00 08 lwz r9,8(r9) ; | 178: f8 1f 00 d0 std r0,208(r31) ; | ... write to local area on stack 17c: 91 3f 00 d8 stw r9,216(r31) ; / 180: e9 22 00 08 ld r9,8(r2) ; \ 184: e9 49 00 08 ld r10,8(r9) ; | fetch local first struct B data's 2 doublewords (r2 = TOC ptr) -> r9/r10, and ... 188: e9 29 00 00 ld r9,0(r9) ; | 18c: 39 7f 00 c0 addi r11,r31,192 ; | ... write to local area on stack 190: f9 2b 00 00 std r9,0(r11) ; | 194: f9 4b 00 08 std r10,8(r11) ; / 198: e9 22 00 10 ld r9,16(r2) ; \ 19c: e8 09 00 00 ld r0,0(r9) ; | fetch local second struct A data's 2 doublewords (r2 = TOC ptr) -> r9/r10, and ... 1a0: 81 29 00 08 lwz r9,8(r9) ; | 1a4: f8 1f 00 b0 std r0,176(r31) ; | ... write to local area on stack 1a8: 91 3f 00 b8 stw r9,184(r31) ; / 1ac: e9 22 00 18 ld r9,24(r2) ; \ 1b0: e9 49 00 08 ld r10,8(r9) ; | fetch local second struct B data's 2 doublewords (r2 = TOC ptr) -> r9/r10, and ... 1b4: e9 29 00 00 ld r9,0(r9) ; | 1b8: f9 3f 00 a0 std r9,160(r31) ; | ... write to local area on stack 1bc: f9 5f 00 a8 std r10,168(r31) ; / 1c0: e8 1f 00 b0 ld r0,176(r31) ; \ 1c4: 81 3f 00 b8 lwz r9,184(r31) ; | arg 6 (second struct A, fetch from local area, pushed onto stack, pass as 2 doublewords) 1c8: f8 01 00 70 std r0,112(r1) ; | 1cc: 91 21 00 78 stw r9,120(r1) ; / 1d0: e9 3f 00 a0 ld r9,160(r31) ; \ 1d4: e9 5f 00 a8 ld r10,168(r31) ; | 1d8: 39 61 00 80 addi r11,r1,128 ; | arg 7 (second struct A, fetch from local area, pushed onto stack, pass as 2 doublewords) 1dc: f9 2b 00 00 std r9,0(r11) ; | 1e0: f9 4b 00 08 std r10,8(r11) ; / 1e4: 38 00 00 0e li r0,14 ; arg 8, ... 1e8: f8 01 00 90 std r0,144(r1) ; ... "pushed" onto stack 1ec: 38 00 00 0f li r0,15 ; arg 9, ... 1f0: f8 01 00 98 std r0,152(r1) ; ... "pushed" onto stack 1f4: 38 60 00 00 li r3,0 ; arg 0 1f8: 38 80 00 01 li r4,1 ; arg 1 1fc: e8 bf 00 d0 ld r5,208(r31) ; | arg 2 (first struct A, fetch from local area, pass as 2 doublewords) 200: e8 df 00 d8 ld r6,216(r31) ; / 204: 39 3f 00 c0 addi r9,r31,192 ; \ 208: e8 e9 00 00 ld r7,0(r9) ; | arg 3 (first struct B, fetch from local area, pass as 2 doublewords) 20c: e9 09 00 08 ld r8,8(r9) ; | 210: 39 20 00 07 li r9,7 ; arg 4 214: 39 40 00 08 li r10,8 ; arg 5 218: 48 00 00 01 bl 218 <.main+0xc0> ; call and put return address -> lr 21c: 38 00 00 00 li r0,0 ; return value ... 220: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 ; ... in gpr3 224: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) ; | 228: e8 01 00 10 ld r0,16(r1) ; | 22c: 7c 08 03 a6 mtlr r0 ; | epilog 230: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) ; | 234: 4e 80 00 20 blr ; | 238: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 ; data 23c: 00 00 00 01 .long 0x1 ; data 240: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) ; unsure@@@. data? ; ---------- returning qwords ----------> ; ; long long f() ; { ; return 7171LL; ; } ; ; int main() ; { ; return (int)f(); ; } ; output from freebsd-11.0-ppc64 w/ gcc 4.2.1 0000000000000000 <.f>: 0: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 4: f8 21 ff c1 stdu r1,-64(r1) 8: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 c: 38 00 1c 03 li r0,7171 10: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 14: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 18: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 1c: 4e 80 00 20 blr ... 28: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) 000000000000002c <.main>: 2c: 7c 08 02 a6 mflr r0 30: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 34: f8 01 00 10 std r0,16(r1) 38: f8 21 ff 81 stdu r1,-128(r1) 3c: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 40: 48 00 00 01 bl 40 <.main+0x14> 44: 7c 60 1b 78 mr r0,r3 48: 7c 00 07 b4 extsw r0,r0 4c: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 50: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 54: e8 01 00 10 ld r0,16(r1) 58: 7c 08 03 a6 mtlr r0 5c: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 60: 4e 80 00 20 blr 64: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 68: 00 00 00 01 .long 0x1 6c: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) ; ---------- returning structs by value ----------> ; ; struct Small { char x; }; ; struct Big { long long i; long j; }; ; ; struct Small f0() ; { ; struct Small s = { 132 }; ; return s; ; } ; ; struct Big f1() ; { ; struct Big b = { 7171LL, 232 }; ; return b; ; } ; ; int main() ; { ; struct Small s = f0(); ; struct Big b = f1(); ; return b.j + s.x; ; } ; output from freebsd-11.0-ppc64 w/ gcc 4.2.1 0000000000000000 <.f0>: 0: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 4: f8 21 ff b1 stdu r1,-80(r1) 8: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 c: 7c 69 1b 78 mr r9,r3 10: 38 00 ff 84 li r0,-124 14: 98 1f 00 30 stb r0,48(r31) 18: 88 1f 00 30 lbz r0,48(r31) 1c: 98 09 00 00 stb r0,0(r9) 20: 7d 23 4b 78 mr r3,r9 24: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 28: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 2c: 4e 80 00 20 blr ... 38: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) 000000000000003c <.f1>: 3c: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 40: f8 21 ff b1 stdu r1,-80(r1) 44: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 48: 7c 6b 1b 78 mr r11,r3 4c: e9 22 00 00 ld r9,0(r2) 50: e9 49 00 08 ld r10,8(r9) 54: e9 29 00 00 ld r9,0(r9) 58: f9 3f 00 30 std r9,48(r31) 5c: f9 5f 00 38 std r10,56(r31) 60: e9 3f 00 30 ld r9,48(r31) 64: e9 5f 00 38 ld r10,56(r31) 68: f9 2b 00 00 std r9,0(r11) 6c: f9 4b 00 08 std r10,8(r11) 70: 7d 63 5b 78 mr r3,r11 74: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 78: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 7c: 4e 80 00 20 blr ... 88: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) 000000000000008c <.main>: 8c: 7c 08 02 a6 mflr r0 90: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 94: f8 01 00 10 std r0,16(r1) 98: f8 21 ff 61 stdu r1,-160(r1) 9c: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 a0: 38 1f 00 70 addi r0,r31,112 a4: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 a8: 48 00 00 01 bl a8 <.main+0x1c> ac: 38 1f 00 78 addi r0,r31,120 b0: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 b4: 48 00 00 01 bl b4 <.main+0x28> b8: e8 1f 00 80 ld r0,128(r31) bc: 78 09 00 20 clrldi r9,r0,32 c0: 88 1f 00 70 lbz r0,112(r31) c4: 78 00 06 20 clrldi r0,r0,56 c8: 7c 09 02 14 add r0,r9,r0 cc: 78 00 00 20 clrldi r0,r0,32 d0: 7c 00 07 b4 extsw r0,r0 d4: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 d8: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) dc: e8 01 00 10 ld r0,16(r1) e0: 7c 08 03 a6 mtlr r0 e4: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) e8: 4e 80 00 20 blr ec: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 f0: 00 00 00 01 .long 0x1 f4: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) ; ---------- C++ trivial and non-trivial aggrs passed to C funcs ----------> ; ; struct Trivial { int a; }; ; struct NonTrivial { int a; NonTrivial() : a(0) {} NonTrivial(const NonTrivial& rhs) : a(rhs.a) { } }; ; ; extern "C" { ; ; void f1(struct Trivial s) { } ; void f2(struct NonTrivial s) { } ; ; void f() ; { ; struct Trivial t; ; struct NonTrivial n; ; int a=1; ; a += 123; ; f1(t); ; a -= 123; ; f2(n); ; a -= 12; ; } ; } ; output from freebsd-11.0-ppc64 w/ gcc 4.2.1 0000000010000828 <.f1>: 10000828: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 1000082c: f8 21 ff c1 stdu r1,-64(r1) 10000830: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 10000834: 90 7f 00 70 stw r3,112(r31) 10000838: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 1000083c: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 10000840: 4e 80 00 20 blr 10000844: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 10000848: 00 09 00 00 .long 0x90000 1000084c: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) 0000000010000850 <.f2>: 10000850: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) 10000854: f8 21 ff c1 stdu r1,-64(r1) 10000858: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 1000085c: f8 7f 00 70 std r3,112(r31) 10000860: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) 10000864: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) 10000868: 4e 80 00 20 blr 1000086c: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 10000870: 00 09 00 00 .long 0x90000 10000874: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) 0000000010000878 <.f>: 10000878: 7c 08 02 a6 mflr r0 ; 1000087c: fb e1 ff f8 std r31,-8(r1) ; 10000880: f8 01 00 10 std r0,16(r1) ; 10000884: f8 21 ff 71 stdu r1,-144(r1) ; 10000888: 7c 3f 0b 78 mr r31,r1 ; 1000088c: 38 1f 00 7c addi r0,r31,124 ; 10000890: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 ; 10000894: 48 00 00 ad bl 10000940 <._ZN10NonTrivialC1Ev> ; NonTrivial::NonTrivial() / ctor 10000898: 4f ff fb 82 crmove 4*cr7+so,4*cr7+so ; 1000089c: 38 00 00 01 li r0,1 ; 100008a0: 90 1f 00 70 stw r0,112(r31) ; 100008a4: 81 3f 00 70 lwz r9,112(r31) ; 100008a8: 38 09 00 7b addi r0,r9,123 ; 100008ac: 90 1f 00 70 stw r0,112(r31) ; 100008b0: 80 7f 00 78 lwz r3,120(r31) ; 100008b4: 4b ff ff 75 bl 10000828 <.f1> ; call f1(struct Trivial) 100008b8: 81 3f 00 70 lwz r9,112(r31) ; 100008bc: 38 09 ff 85 addi r0,r9,-123 ; 100008c0: 90 1f 00 70 stw r0,112(r31) ; 100008c4: 38 1f 00 74 addi r0,r31,116 ; 100008c8: 39 3f 00 7c addi r9,r31,124 ; 100008cc: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 ; | ptr to dest of copy of n 100008d0: 7d 24 4b 78 mr r4,r9 ; | copy n ptr to n 100008d4: 48 00 00 a1 bl 10000974 <._ZN10NonTrivialC1ERKS_> ; | NonTrivial::NonTrivial(const NonTrivial&) / copy ctor 100008d8: 4f ff fb 82 crmove 4*cr7+so,4*cr7+so ; 100008dc: 38 1f 00 74 addi r0,r31,116 ; | 100008e0: 7c 03 03 78 mr r3,r0 ; | f2 arg 0 (ptr to copy of struct NonTrivial), via ptr as non-trivial 100008e4: 4b ff ff 6d bl 10000850 <.f2> ; call f2(struct NonTrivial) 100008e8: 81 3f 00 70 lwz r9,112(r31) ; 100008ec: 38 09 ff f4 addi r0,r9,-12 ; 100008f0: 90 1f 00 70 stw r0,112(r31) ; 100008f4: e8 21 00 00 ld r1,0(r1) ; 100008f8: e8 01 00 10 ld r0,16(r1) ; 100008fc: 7c 08 03 a6 mtlr r0 ; 10000900: eb e1 ff f8 ld r31,-8(r1) ; 10000904: 4e 80 00 20 blr ; 10000908: 00 00 00 00 .long 0x0 ; 1000090c: 00 09 00 01 .long 0x90001 ; 10000910: 80 01 00 01 lwz r0,1(r1) ; ; ... snip, removed code of ctor and copy ctor ... ; vim: ft=asm